NC BOOK 3 U7

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UNIT 7
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Task I Listen to the audio. Fill in the charts with the suggested vocabulary words.
GETTING READY
Handicapped people were excluded from running races.
They can run and sprint in major competitions.
People who used wheelchairs were restrained from participating in sports.
They can take part in adapted wheelchair sports, like basketball and hockey.
Photo: Flickr / WBC / Kevin Bogetti-Smith
lightweight wheelchairs
artificial limbs
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GETTING READY
Cricket was impossible for the blind.
They can hear the noisy cricket ball.
Those who are crippled by accidents were unable to cycle.
They can cycle by pedaling with their hands rather than their feet.
Photo: Flickr / Official U.S. Navy Imagery
handcycles
rattling cricket balls
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GETTING READY
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GETTING READY
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Task II
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words provided.
GETTING READY
balance / noisy / forbid / accomplished / adjust / stretch / fit
1. Females were excluded from the ancient Olympic Games. They were _____________ from watching or participating in the events.
2. A member of Hollywood’s elite, Meryl Streep is one of the most _______________ actresses.
3. Pregnant women wear pants with flexible elastic waists. This allows the pants to ___________.
forbidden
accomplished
stretch
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Task II
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words provided.
GETTING READY
balance / noisy / forbid / accomplished / adjust / stretch / fit
4. Shoes with wider heels provide greater stability for the wearer, which is essential for maintaining ___________ while walking.
5. All the able-bodied people prepared the city for the flood. The volunteers had to be ___________ because they were required to lift heavy objects.
6. Adaptations needed to be made to copyright laws after the rise of the Internet. They were ___________ to make pirating things online illegal.
7. Babies are fascinated by toys that rattle. These ___________ things give them the stimulation they need.
balance
fit
adjusted
noisy
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VOCABULARY DRILL
A. Listen Up
Finish the athlete’s profiles below based on the audio.
down the slick ice, direct the stones with the brooms, and aim to hit a target
cross-country ski and shoot at targets with a rifle
their skiing ability and
shooting accuracy
a metal sled, sometimes going as
quickly as 90 miles per hour
everyone of a skeleton
Heinrich
Koch
Martin Clark




(Nickname: Marty)
Gota Friggeberg
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VOCABULARY DRILL
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VOCABULARY DRILL
B. Word Focus: Noun Suffixes
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate suffixes. There are two extra choices.
-ant -ist -or -ian -ion -ful -er
The Queen of Track
Merlene Ottey is a Jamaican 1. Olymp_____ with the longest running career of any top-level 2. sprint_____. She is still a 3. contest_____ in speed races despite being in her 50s! She has been an Olympic 4. medal____ nine times and holds the record for the most Olympic appearances of any track and field athlete. What a
5. champ_____!
ian
er
ant
ist
ion
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VOCABULARY DRILL
C. Speak Out Loud
Imagine you’re on the International Olympic Committee. Discuss which sports to include or remove.
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CONVERSATION CORNER
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CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
A. Understand from the Context
Match the sentence with its meaning.
b
d
e
c
a
f
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1. In order to achieve ___________ productivity in the office, faster computers were installed.
2. When there is a scandal involving ___________ members of society, it’s usually headline news.
3. Those who wish to join the police force have to go through ___________ physical training.
4. Mark’s classmates complimented him on his ____________ test-taking abilities.
5. The ___________ findings suggested that the drug was not effective and needed to be modified.
6. You should expect some ___________ discomfort when you begin a new exercise routine.
CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
B. Use the Adjectives
Fill in the blanks with these adjectives: preliminary, superhuman, elite, muscular, rigorous, optimum.
optimum
rigorous
superhuman
preliminary
muscular
elite
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1. Why does Stephen feel nervous?
a. He was not born to be an elite athlete.
b. Other competitors could outperform him.
c. His coach keeps discouraging him.
d. He can’t recall where he left his gear.
2. What sports equipment will Stephen use?
a. He will want a bicycle and a helmet.
b. He and his teammates will need oars.
c. He should wear supportive sneakers.
d. He must wear a swimsuit and goggles.
CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
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CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
3. According to the conversation, why are some athletes more successful than others?
a. Outstanding athletes have genes that improve how their bodies function.
b. In order to do well, athletes must have qualified coaches to train them.
c. Researchers have studied their genes to formulate better training programs.
d. After preliminary competitions, athletes plan an interval of rest.
4. What does ATP do that is beneficial to an athlete?
a. ATP is important for pumping oxygen through the body quickly.
b. Having high levels of ATP will allow the muscles to function efficiently.
c. A person with a high amount of ATP will need to work harder.
d. ATP is associated with lower endurance and aerobic capacity.
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EXPRESSION PLAZA
A. Discussing Extraordinary People and Things
Fill in the appropriate expressions.
1. Michael Jackson broke more records than every other artist. He truly was __________________________________!
2. During his basketball career, Michael Jordan scored 32,292 points. Those kinds of statistics just ___________________!
3. Although he never finished school, Steve Jobs founded a successful company that ___________ even his own ____________.
head and shoulders above the rest
blow my mind
exceeded
expectations
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EXPRESSION PLAZA
B. Qualifying
Rewrite the parts in bold with the expressions taught.
1. John was afraid that his performance in the band tryout wouldn’t be acceptable.
 →__________________________________________________________
2. The job requires three years of publishing experience, and this applicant seems to be the right one.
 →__________________________________________________________
3. They fired the clerk because they thought she was not good enough.
 →__________________________________________________________
John was afraid that his performance in the band tryout wouldn’t cut the mustard.
The job requires three years of publishing experience, and this applicant seems to fit the bill.
They fired the clerk because they thought she didn’t measure up.
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EXPRESSION PLAZA
C. Talking About Natural Talents
With a partner, create short dialogues with the expressions above and the words provided.
Example:
A: Jeff is good at solving equations. He must have been born with those skills.
B: I know. Math just seems to come naturally to him.
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1. When ______________ swam the English Channel, he was recognized as _____________________ others his age.
2. The number of Twitter followers that ____________ has indicates that her success is ______________.
3. ____________, who blew up the most balloons with his nose, is certainly not ________________.
4. _____________ hasn’t cut her nails in 18 years. She shows dedication that has exceeded everyone’s ____________.
5. The fact that ___________________ had the most dogs jumping rope at the same time completely ____________ the spectators’ ____________.
EXPRESSION PRACTICE
A. Fill Out the Chart
Listen to the audio. Finish the chart with the names below and the expressions you hear.
Roger Allsopp
head and shoulders above
Lady Gaga
off the charts
Andrew Dahl
your average Joe
Chris Walton
expectations
Super Wan Wan Circus
blew
minds
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
B. Correct the Mistakes
Revise the parts in bold based on the audio. Decide if the candidates are qualified or not.
Qualified
experience
fired from several other jobs
cursed
a nice outfit
with training
Disqualified
Disqualified
Qualified
Qualified
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
C. Complete the Poll
Summarize what the hosts say about each performer using the words provided.
This performer’s hip-hop routine was dynamic and graceful at the same time. His dance style is so sensational. He certainly is blessed with amazing dancing abilities.
The performer is obviously a gifted singer. It comes naturally to her. Her adaptation of the classic song Somewhere Over the Rainbow touched the hearts of audience members around the world.
The contestant’s artistic performance was ingenious. I’ve never witnessed such an unbelievable talent before. I know that it must take a lot of preparation to create such an exquisite ice sculpture, and I think he is endowed with serious skills.
16.72%
57.22%
26.05%
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
Adjective Clauses_____________________________________________
Adjective clauses have a subject and verb. They start with a relative pronoun and are used as adjectives to modify nouns.
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
A. Relative Pronouns
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
1. We can leave out relative pronouns when they function as the object of the clause.
• Tiffany is the woman (whom / that) we saw at the furniture warehouse.
2. That is more appropriate than which after certain pronouns and superlative nouns.
• Everything that I had on my hard drive was lost when my computer got a virus.
• That is probably the worst catastrophe that I have ever witnessed!
• Usage Note •
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
B. Types of Adjective Clauses
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
A. Match the Sentences
Combine the two sentences by using the second sentence as an adjective clause.
1. Claude is making a killing on the stock market. Claude studied economics in college. →______________________________________________________________
2. People should sign up for this course. These people should want to get some vigorous exercise. →______________________________________________________________
3. Sam saved two seats so he could sit with his classmate. He met that classmate during orientation. →______________________________________________________________
4. The musician’s debut took place at the national theater. His debut received positive feedback. →______________________________________________________________
5. My stapler was missing for a week before I found it. I left it on the copy machine.
→
______________________________________________________________
Claude, who studied economics in college, is making a killing on the stock market.
People who want to get some vigorous exercise should sign up for this course.
Sam saved two seats so he could sit with his classmate (whom / that) he met during orientation.
The musician’s debut, which received positive feedback, took place at the national theater.
The stapler (which / that) I left on the copy machine was missing for a week before I found it.
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
B. Circle the Answers
Circle the correct usage.
1. The flyers which has / that had been handed out around town were full of errors.
2. When there is excessive rainfall, buildings which are near / that nearby the coast might experience flooding.
3. Although the tenant signed a lease that requiring / which required two months’ notice before moving, he notified his landlord just five days in advance.
4. Of all the people I / everyone that have worked with before, Rita is the only one who stays calm when facing challenges.
5. The famous chef I interviewed him / whom I interviewed for an article offered to prepare a delicious feast for me.
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
C. Correct the Mistakes
Fix the eight errors in the news report.
Do You Hear What I Hear?
The effect of loud music on teenagers’ hearing
Studies indicate that youngsters have constant ear infections could encounter hearing loss after using earphones. According to researchers, children whom listen to loud music risk facing additional damage. Those listen for extended periods also endanger themselves. Furthermore, research shows an individual who hearing has been affected can have problems with balance.
Dr. Graham Allison, is heading up the project, urged parents to get involved. “If you run a household which a teenager lives, you must monitor listening time.” Allison, that has worked on hearing impairment for years, plans to study young men that they attend rock concerts.
V
who / that
who / that
who
whose
V
who
V
in
who
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READING─PRE-READING TASK
a. The rules that must be followed during the competitions
b. The history of water ballet
c. The number of people who participate today
d. The sport’s rigorous demands
e. The training process in various countries
f. How traditional ballet and underwater ballet are similar
g. The ways in which the sport has changed over the years
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Those who wish to succeed in water ballet will need the
elegance of a ballerina* and the strength of a long-distance swimmer. Within its relatively short history, water ballet has captured the admiration of millions and has earned recognition as a legitimate sport.
READING
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READING
Water ballet has attracted fans since the early 1900s. Annette Kellerman, an Australian, is often credited as the founder of this sport. As a child, she was afflicted with rickets, a disease that weakens the bones. She began swimming in order to strengthen her legs. After years of practice, she dubbed herself an “underwater ballerina” and started to perform a swimming and diving routine in a glass tank. Her act was so dazzling that she was soon convinced to take her show to America, where it had triumphant success.
The Beauty and Power of WATER BALLET
Photo: Flickr / KRHamm
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READING
Originally an individual sport, water ballet became a popular group activity after membership in water ballet clubs grew. In the 1930s, it was renamed “synchronized* swimming,” which more accurately describes the perfect unison* of swimmers’ dance moves. It wasn’t until the 1980s that it was included in the Olympic Games as a competitive sport.
The Beauty and Power of WATER BALLET
Photo: Flickr / Jesus de Blas
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READING
Today’s synchronized swimmers are more athletic than the water ballerinas of the past. Members of the Aquamaids, the toughest synchronized swimming club in America, practice eight hours a day, six days a week. Not only do they complete thousands of laps every week, they also spend numerous hours in gymnastics* classes. Although it’s a formidable commitment, joining the Aquamaids is the best choice for anyone who wants to make the US Olympic team. This club has produced more than 60 percent of the swimmers that have gone to the Olympics to
participate in the sport.
The Beauty and Power of WATER BALLET
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READING
There are other options available for professional synchronized swimmers. One of the most famous groups in the world is the Weeki Wachee Mermaids, who put on shows in Florida. These talented swimmers have been doing amazing stunts in an underwater theater for over 60 years. Interestingly, the mermaid costumes are based on the original designs that were used by Annette Kellerman during her acts almost 100 years ago.
It’s true that synchronized swimmers make their sport look effortless, but don’t be fooled! It takes extensive training to pull off the complicated movements these real-life mermaids perform every day.
The Beauty and Power of WATER BALLET
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READING









‧ Discussion ‧
In recent years, the Weeki Wachee Mermaids have become one of the only synchronized swimming groups to accept male swimmers. Today, male synchronized swimmers are not allowed to participate in most competitions, including the Olympics. Do you think men should receive equal opportunities in synchronized swimming?
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
1. Linda has great admiration for her father. She hopes to follow his example.
(a.) affection (b.) worship (c.) recognition (d.) respect

2. Some say that bowling isn’t a legitimate sport because bowlers don’t use all of their muscles.
(a.) individual (b.) professional (c.) real (d.) competitive

3. AIDS is a big problem in Africa. Millions of people are afflicted with the fatal disease.
(a.) suffer from (b.) risk catching (c.) hide from (d.) worry about
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
4. Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt has been dubbed the “Lightning Bolt” by the media.
(a.) called (b.) described (c.) addressed (d.) quoted

5. Speed and grace made Pavel Bure one of the most dazzling hockey players.
(a.) primary (b.) extraordinary (c.) bright (d.) valuable

6. At 8,848 meters, Mount Everest presents the most formidable climb in the world.
(a.) breathtaking (b.) shallow (c.) difficult (d.) essential
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
B. Water Ballet Timeline
Fill in the chart using words from the article.
1903
1933
1947
1964
1984
founder
routine
triumphant
synchronized
unison
costumes
stunts
effortless
complicated
talented
P.34
P.35
P.37
P.36
P.38
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
C. Match
Match the sentence parts.
c
d
e
b
a
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WRITING SKILLS


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WRITING SKILLS


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WRITING SKILLS
Task
Rewrite the following paragraph on a separate piece of paper. Spice up the sentences.
Athletes often get bad injuries. Australian rugby athlete
Ben Czislowski went to the doctor. He went because he had
a headache for four months. The doctor saw another player’s
tooth stuck in Ben’s forehead! This was why Ben had a
headache. American speed skater J. R. Celski hurt himself.
He did this by cutting his thigh with his skate blade. Baseball
is bad too. Most pitchers throw a ball at 70 to 80 miles per hour.
It can cause severe damage to a batter if it hits him or her. Mike Piazza played for the New York Mets. Mike was hit in the head with a ball. The ball was going so fast that it shattered his helmet! Everyone should be careful when they play sports.
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WRITING SKILLS
Professional athletes often suffer serious injuries. Australian rugby player Ben Czislowski visited the doctor after enduring a headache for four months. Upon inspection, the doctor discovered another player’s tooth lodged inside Ben’s forehead! American speed skater J. R. Celski incurred a horrible injury when he cut his thigh with his own skate blade. Baseball can also be dangerous. The average pitcher throws a ball at 70 to 80 miles per hour, so if a batter is struck, it can cause severe damage. Mike Piazza, who played for the New York Mets, was hit in the head by a pitch so strong that it shattered his helmet! It pays to use caution when playing competitive sports.
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WRITING SKILLS─BEFORE YOU WRITE
Rewrite the facts below about different national sports to make them more interesting.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(ever since, found, pastime)
Ever since the National Association of Base Ball Players was founded in 1857, baseball has been a beloved pastime in America.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(hail from, modern-day, boast)
The game of golf hails from Scotland, and modern-day Edinburgh boasts 21 golf courses.
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WRITING SKILLS─BEFORE YOU WRITE
Rewrite the facts below about different national sports to make them more interesting.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(originate, birth, mystery)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(average weight, lightweight)
While hockey definitely originated in Canada, the city of its birth remains a mystery.
With an average weight of 400 pounds, sumo wrestlers are no lightweights!
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WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
Write a 150-word paragraph discussing the above national sports. Remember to spice up your sentences and include as many adjective clauses as you can.
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____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
CHERISHED NATIONAL PASTIMES
Many countries have their own signature sport. In fact, the game of golf hails from Scotland, and modern-day Edinburgh boasts 21 golf courses. Just as Scots are obsessed with golf, the Japanese love sumo wrestling. Japan is the only country in the world where sumo wrestling is practiced professionally. Training requires serious eating. With an average weight of 400 pounds, sumo wrestlers are no lightweights!
Sports have been uniting citizens in playful rivalry for hundreds of
years!
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____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
Hockey doesn’t technically include wrestling, but players who think they have been offended often wind up fighting. While hockey definitely originated in Canada, the city of its birth remains a mystery. Canadian hockey teams, who have clinched 18 Olympic medals, are more successful in the competitive game than any other country. Perhaps the most well-known national pastime is American baseball. Ever since the National Association of Base Ball Players was founded in 1857, baseball has been a beloved game. National sports are an exciting way to bring people together!
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The End