NC BOOK 3 U8

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UNIT 8
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Task I
Listen to the audio. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words provided.
GETTING READY
absorb stomach storage medication digest liver
purify insulate toxic odor nose skin
Don’t forget!!!
I may not be an organ you think about often, but without me, you’d die! I eliminate 1. ___________ substances from your blood and act as a(n) 2. ___________ facility for vitamins and minerals. Please remember not to drown me in wine or take unnecessary 3. ___________!
Have a great day!
Your 4. _____________
toxic
storage
medication
liver
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GETTING READY
absorb stomach storage medication digest liver
purify insulate toxic odor nose skin
OFFICIAL COMPLAINT FORM
Name: 5. _______________
Address: Abdomen
Complaint:
I am being overworked. I’m a flexible organ, and I try to stretch to contain as much as your body requires. But you’re giving me too much material to 6. ___________!
Stomach
digest
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GETTING READY
absorb stomach storage medication digest liver
purify insulate toxic odor nose skin
Dear Body,
Thank you for not sunbathing for too long at the beach yesterday. 7. ___________ sunlight allows me to make the vitamin D you need, but excessive exposure can damage me. I have to be healthy to 8. ___________ your entire body from germs and other harmful elements.
Thanks for thinking of me!
Your 9. _____________
Absorbing
skin
insulate
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GETTING READY
absorb stomach storage medication digest liver
purify insulate toxic odor nose skin
Looking for an Efficient Air Filter?
Choose ME, Your 10. ___________!
I can 11. ___________ the air you breathe in so that it doesn’t harm the lining of your lungs. In addition to cleaning, I have the added benefit of being able to smell 10,000 kinds of 12. ___________.
Order anytime for FREE!
I come prepackaged with your body.
Nose
odors
purify
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GETTING READY
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GETTING READY
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GETTING READY
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GETTING READY
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Task II
Match each word in bold with its definition.
GETTING READY
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VOCABULARY DRILL
A. Listen Up Determine if each statement is a fact or myth based on the audio. Write your reasons.
Brain size has no effect on mental capability or acute thinking skills.
Your brain can reinforce facts it has recently learned while it’s asleep.
Video games can actually increase mental alertness.
The type of music you listen to neither inhibits nor triggers your brain’s activity.
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VOCABULARY DRILL
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VOCABULARY DRILL
B. Word Focus: Parts of Speech
Learning root words can help expand your vocabulary. Fill in the correct form.
organic
digestion
digestive
operation
operational
purification
pure
insulation
insulated
infection
infectious, infected
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VOCABULARY DRILL
C. Speak Out Loud
The human brain need extra care in order to perform at its best. Review the following advice.
1. Play games. Solve a crossword puzzle or play Sudoku to practice focusing on one task.
2. Eat brain food. Foods rich in omega-3, like almonds and fish, strengthen brain power.
3. Meditate. Meditation enhances your capability to remember things.
4. Follow a sleeping routine. A regular sleep schedule gives your brain the rest it needs.
Follow these tips for five days and record any differences you notice. Report your findings to the class.
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CONVERSATION CORNER
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1. The boss let his workers knock off at 5:00 p.m. They were happy to ___________ working early.
2. Cloning is a pipe dream. Technology hasn’t advanced enough to realize this ___________.
3. The controversial new law caused _____________ among the public.
4. Making clean water accessible is a global issue, as it’s impossible for many people to ___________ it.
5. Earthquakes are a common phenomenon in Japan; therefore, the buildings there must be specifically designed to tackle their frequent ___________.
CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
A. Understand from the Context
Complete the sentences using the words provided.
obtain / fantasy / disagreement / finish / occurrence
finish
fantasy
disagreement
obtain
occurrence
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CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
B. Words with Different Meanings
Match the word in bold with its definition.
b
a
a
b
b
a
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CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
1. Why does Lina want to begin studying right away?
a. So they will finish ahead of schedule
b. Because she thinks the test is overwhelming
c. To cover as many topics as they can
d. To outperform her study partner
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2. How does Pete think organ printers will progress in the future?
a. The principal purpose of the machines will greatly change.
b. They’ll be able to create both internal and external organs.
c. They won’t be mass-produced at all.
d. They’ll end the need for human donors.
CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
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3. Why will organ printing become more important?
a. There will be fewer eligible donors.
b. The need for organ transplants will decrease in the future.
c. The demand for new organs is soaring.
d. Transplant operations are becoming more dangerous.
CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
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4. What does Lina think about organ printing?
a. The technology will never be popular in the medical community.
b. Although the idea is still in its infancy, it will be widely used soon.
c. It has lower risks than traditional transplant operations.
d. It is too controversial to ever be used in most countries.
CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
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EXPRESSION PLAZA
A. Talking about Work
get cracking
get down to business
knock off
b
c
a
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expressions above and then match the sentence parts.
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EXPRESSION PLAZA
B. Discussing Fantasy
Use the expressions above to complete the short dialogues. Do not use the same expressions twice.
1. A: I want to open my own tailoring business even though I think it’s just __________________.
B: You would make a great tailor. That’s not _______________!
2. A: It sounds like __________________ that a new subway line could be built within six months.
B: I know. I don’t think the mayor’s ________________ will ever come true.
a castle in the air
a pipe dream
a flight of fancy
wishful thinking
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EXPRESSION PLAZA
C. Criticizing
Rewrite the parts in bold using the expressions above.
The professor picked holes in my paper.
Linda keeps her house neat and tidy. She frowns on how unorganized I keep my things.
Timmy poked Hannah in the eye on purpose, so his mother jumped all over him.
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
A. Guess Who
Listen and write the name of the speaker who would mostly make each statement.
Roy
Aaron
Jennie
Roy
Aaron
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
B. Complete the Diary
Fill in the blanks with words or expressions from the audio. There may be more than one possible answer.
Dear Diary,
Last night, Emily and I chatted about each other’s 1. _________________. It was fun to discuss our possible future 2. _____________. When I confessed my 3. _____________ thinking about becoming a model, she admitted that she was 4. _____________ about writing professionally. However, she thinks the idea is 5. _________________. I hope that both of our 6. _________________ come true someday. I just need to decide which 7. _______________ I want to pursue: catwalk legend or coffee celebrity. Of course, being so 8. ___________ to coffee may make it hard for me to not drink everything I’m trying to sell. What a formidable task!
Zoe
pipe dreams
endeavors
wishful
passionate
pie in the sky
flights of fancy
castle in the air
addicted
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
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Evaluated By: _______
EXPRESSION PRACTICE
C. Fill out the Chart
Judy and Dave disagree over promotions. Which speaker made the decisions marked below? Give reasons using the suggested vocabulary words.
Judy finds fault with Morgan for making a mistake on an order. The company had to refund the customer $150.
He has made substantial profits for the company.
Judy
motivated / find fault with / enthusiasm / jump all over / substantial / frown on / refund
Dave has to jump all over her to keep her motivated to work.
Judy frowns on his work attitude. He doesn’t show enthusiasm for what he does.
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EXPRESSION PRACTICE
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
Adverb Clauses_____________________________________________
An adverb clause contains a subject and a verb and is usually introduced by a subordinating conjunction.
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
A. Basic Types
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
The word so can be used in two different ways:
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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT
B. Reduced Form
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
A. Match
Match the sentence parts and fill in the blanks with these subordinators: until, even though, once, if, because.
b
Even though
until
e
if
d
Once
c
because
a
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
B. Correct the Mistakes
Fix the errors in the sentences. Some questions may have more than one possible answer.
1. While often feels tired at work, Stella continues to work long hours.
→ _________________________________________________________
2. The professor held extra classes before the exam, so his students would perform better.
→_________________________________________________________
While she often feels / often feeling tired at work, Stella continues to work long hours.
The professor held extra classes before the exam so (that) his students would perform better.
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
B. Correct the Mistakes
Fix the errors in the sentences. Some questions may have more than one possible answer.
3. Unless more workers being hired, there is no possibility of the work being completed on time.
→_________________________________________________________
4. Her dogs became more well-behaved after they attending an obedience training course.
→_________________________________________________________
5. Although was expected to win the election, the politician lost by a small margin.
→_________________________________________________________
Unless more workers are hired, there is no possibility of the work being completed on time.
Her dogs became more well-behaved after they attended / attending an obedience training course.
Although (he was) expected to win the election, the politician lost by a small margin.
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GRAMMAR WORKOUT
C. Complete the Passage
Finish the passage with the appropriate subordinators. There may be more than one possible answer.
At some point you will need to interview for a job 1. __________ you have your own business. What many people don’t realize is that their presence on the Internet can determine whether or not they are granted an interview 2. ___________ submitting a résumé. It’s not surprising that a company would try to find information about prospective employees online 3. ____________ social networking sites are so common these days. So, if you’re in the market for a job, think twice 4. ____________ uploading embarrassing pictures. Another tip is to set your profiles to “private” 5. ____________ only the people you designate are able to see what you’re doing. Being aware of how you might be perceived on the Internet is a crucial part of job-hunting preparation; therefore, don’t send out any job applications 6. ____________ you’ve removed anything inappropriate from your profiles.
unless
after
because
before
so (that)
until
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READING─PRE-READING TASK
mental feats /developmental disorder / aptitude for music
severe brain damage / unbelievable calculations / mysterious organ
a. What are some unusual side effects of severe brain injuries?
b. Can all people with an aptitude for music do fast calculations?
c. Why will the body’s most mysterious organ never be fully understood?
d. What questions are most commonly discussed by doctors regarding the brain?
e. What are some surprising talents that people with disorders have?
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Even after years of being studied, the brain continues to hold many secrets. One mystery is why some people who struggle to complete simple tasks are able to perform mental feats that would challenge even the most intelligent. These individuals may hold the key to discovering how the brain can be trained to work at its best.
READING
Disabilities and Genius
P.45
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READING
Ellen Boudreaux was blind by four months old and was later diagnosed with autism, a developmental disorder. It took her until the age of four to learn how to walk. Soon after, she taught herself to determine where obstacles are by making sounds as she moves. Doctors postulate that her amazing sense of hearing combined with the sounds she makes create a type of sonar*, like what bats use to fly at night. Her extraordinary hearing has also given her an aptitude for music. By using her ability to recognize different tones, she has mastered several instruments. She can recall any song that she hears and then play it perfectly.
Disabilities and Genius
P.45
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READING
When Kim Peek was born, he had such severe brain damage that it was believed he could never live independently. This ended up being partly true. While he was alive, Kim had difficulty with physical movements, such as buttoning his shirt; however, he had reading powers that can only be described as miraculous. When Kim read, he read one page with his left eye and one with his right eye. What’s even more impressive is that he could remember everything he read. He could recall the content of at least 12,000 books from memory!
Disabilities and Genius
P.45
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READING
Although he wasn’t diagnosed with autism until the age of 25, Daniel Tammet started showing signs of remarkable genius after a series of childhood seizures*. Daniel can relate colors, shapes, and textures to every number. To him, these figures look like beautiful landscapes, which makes it easy for him to do unbelievable calculations in his head. He claims that 333 is the most attractive number. Additionally, Daniel can learn languages with bewildering ease. Once, Daniel was challenged to learn a language in a week. He learned the language so well that a native speaker successfully interviewed him at the end of the week.
These geniuses are examples of why the brain is such a mysterious organ. If scientists can find the reasons behind the vast variations in mental abilities, they will achieve great things in the future.
Disabilities and Genius
P.45
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READING









‧ Discussion ‧
Helen Keller was struck deaf and blind after falling ill as a child. Despite this, she learned to speak and “hear” by touching others’ lips as they spoke and later became a motivational speaker. Whom do you consider more talented: someone who is born with impressive natural abilities or someone who works hard to reach their goals? Do you know any related inspirational stories?
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
1. She was _____________ with breast cancer, but fortunately it was discovered at an early stage. (identify an illness)
2. The illusionist made a(n) _____________ underwater escape from a locked box. (unbelievable)
3. It has been _____________ that a person’s height is an inherited trait. (suggest)
4. You can find a(n) _____________ array of information about interior design online. (confusing)
5. The musician showed a natural _____________ for mastering musical instruments and composing difficult pieces at a young age. (capacity)
6. Some people who suffer from eating _____________ frequently experience depression. (disease)
diagnosed
miraculous
postulated
bewildering
aptitude
disorders
P.40
P.41
P.42
P.43
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
B. Make Inferences
Check the statements that the writer would most likely agree with about each person.
v
Ellen Boudreaux
Kim Peek
Daniel Tammet
v
v
v
v
v
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
1. What is the reason for Ellen’s fantastic musical abilities?
a. She learned music to fight off boredom.
b. She can hear individual sounds distinctly.
c. Her parents are celebrated musicians.
d. She knows how far sound travels.

2. What is NOT said about Kim?
a. He could read two pages simultaneously.
b. He was unable to fasten his clothing.
c. It was easier for him to memorize facts that he found fascinating.
d. Kim could answer perplexing questions about things he had read.
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READING ─AFTER YOU READ
C. Multiple Choice
Circle the answers.
3. Why is Daniel able to do complicated calculations so easily?
a. Daniel’s brain perceives a link between numbers and other elements.
b. He has memorized thousands of calculations, so he recalls them easily.
c. The answers come to him during seizures.
d. He relates numbers to different sounds.

4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Only people that have difficulties will excel at certain tasks.
b. For a brain to function abnormally, it must be damaged in early childhood.
c. It won’t be long before the mysteries of the brain are solved.
d. Research still needs to be done to discover the brain’s full potential.
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Figurative Language
Figurative language animates written descriptions. Here are the most common types:




WRITING SKILLS



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WRITING SKILLS
Task
Read the passage. Write the descriptions of each subject in the chart below and underline any figurative language.
Conjoined twins are twins whose bodies are fused
together during pregnancy. The world’s longest surviving
pair is George and Lori Schappell. Born in 1961, they are
joined at the head. Despite this, they have personalities
that are as distinct as night and day. George is an outgoing musician and has won an L.A. Music Award for Best New Country Artist. Lori, on the other hand, is more reserved. She tries to make herself “invisible” during George’s performances. She does, however, love to go bowling. They have their own bedrooms, which they decorate very differently. Music posters liven up George’s room, while Lori’s has a more feminine feel. They’ve even acted in an episode of Nip/Tuck. They are determined to not let their situation hinder them from accomplishing great things!
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WRITING SKILLS
Task Read the passage. Write the descriptions of each subject in the chart below and underline any figurative language.
The world’s longest surviving pair of conjoined twins
Are joined at the head
Have personalities that are as distinct as night and day (simile)
Acted in an episode of Nip/Tuck
Are determined to not let their situation hinder them from accomplishing great things
Outgoing musician
Won an L.A. Music Award for Best New Country Artist
Room is livened up with music posters
Reserved
Tries to make herself “invisible”
Loves to go bowling
Room has a more feminine feel
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WRITING SKILLS─BEFORE YOU WRITE
Match the words or phrases in bold on the left to the more descriptive terms on the right. There may be more than one possible answer.
radiant / glowing
fry
suffocates
burn
strip away
glowing / radiant
as smooth as a baby’s cheeks
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________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
Write a 150-word descriptive essay about skin care. Use descriptive and figurative language. Also include some adverb clauses and the phrases from the section above.
Introduction:
Get readers’ attention.
The Beauty of Skin Care
Most people are ignorant about the necessity of skin care. Since the skin is the body’s largest organ, it’s essential to take good care of it. By following certain tips, you can look healthy and glowing!
Title
(Be creative.)
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
Body:
Detail skin care methods and include an example of someone with beautiful skin.
Many daily activities contaminate your skin. The sun fries skin cells with its harsh rays and can cause wrinkles or even brown age spots. Wearing sunscreen can save you from these blemishes. Smoking is deadly as well. Tobacco narrows delicate blood vessels in the skin’s outer layers, extinguishing oxygen flow. While you’re puffing on a cigarette, you are suffocating your own skin! Also beware of soap—it might contain toxic chemicals that strip away protective oils.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
Body:
Detail skin care methods and include an example of someone with beautiful skin.
Japanese model Masako Mizutani has maintained youthful beauty despite being over 40 years old. Her skin is radiant, feels as smooth as a baby’s cheeks, and only wrinkles when she flashes a smile. In order to cultivate such a stunning appearance, she only follows these all-natural tips. Mizutani has certainly earned her nickname as “Japan’s Lady of Eternal Youth!”
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WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Conclusion:
Use a clincher
Even if you’re young, you shouldn’t take your smooth, flawless skin for granted. With a little care though, who knows? Maybe you’ll still look gorgeous in your old age.
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The End