Welcome to class
Unit 2: URBANISATION
Period 13: READING
Urbanisation and its causes
Please, have a look at the pictures, then answer the question
Cairo city in Egypt, in Africa
Woman at work in Cairo
In the countryside in South America
In city in Argentina in South America
In the countryside in Africa
City in Vietnam
In city in Vietnam
A woman at work in Hanoi, Vietnam
In the countryside in Vietnam
What do you think of life in the rural areas and urban areas (in the countryside and in the cities?
environment
work opportunity
standard of living
population
income
schools
supermarkets
hospitals
means of transport
other services
ACTIVITY 1: Your opinion on the following statements
1. Urbanisation happened first in more economically developed countries, then in less economically developed countries.
2. Urbanisation has increased in rich countries since 1950s.
3. Lack of resources in rural areas is one of the factors leading to urbanisation in less developed countries.
4. The standard of living in cities and rural areas is more or less the same.
5. By 2050, more than two thirds of the world’s population are expected to live in urban areas.
ACTIVITY 2. Read the text and check your predictions in 1.
Urbanisation is the process by which urban areas grow bigger as more and more people leave the countryside to live in towns and cities.
Before the 1950s, urbanisation mainly occurred in more economically developed countries (MEDCs). Rapid urbanisation happened during the period of industrialisation in Europe and North America in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A lot of people left their home villages for urban areas hoping to find jobs in the rapidly expanding industries in big towns and cities. Since 1950s urbanisation has become slower in most MEDCs. Now, some of the biggest cities are losing population because people go back to live in rural areas. This is known as counter-urbanisation.
Since 1950, urbanisation has grown rapidly in LEDCs (Less Economically Developed Countries) in Africa and South America. Between 1950 and 1990 while the urban population in LEDCs doubled, increase was less than half in developed countries.
There are various causes of urbanisation in LEDCs. Here are some major ones. First, people migrate to urban areas on a massive scale due to lack of resources in rural areas. Second, small farmers find it h to make a living not just because of bad we conditions such as drought, floods, or storms, because they can`t compete with large agricultural companies. These are considered ‘push’ factors.
People living in rural areas are also ‘pulled’ to cities, which are known to be places of financial centres, services, wealth and opportunities. Believing that standard of living in urban areas will be higher in rural areas, many people come to the city seeking their fortune.
Today, about half of the world`s population in urban areas. Urbanisation has provided opportunities, higher incomes and better access to health facilities and education. The urban population will continue to grow and it is expected that proportion will increase to 70% by 2050.
ACTIVITY 2. Check your predictions in 1.
1. Urbanisation happened first in more economically developed countries, then in less economically developed countries.
2. Urbanisation has increased in rich countries since 1950s.
3. Lack of resources in rural areas is one of the factors leading to urbanisation in less developed countries.
4. The standard of living in cities and rural areas is more or less the same.
5. By 2050, more than two thirds of the world’s population are expected to live in urban areas.
T
F
T
F
T
Before the 1950s, urbanisation mainly occurred in more economically developed countries (MEDCs).
Urbanisation has provided opportunities, higher incomes and better access to health facilities and education.
ACTIVITY 3. Find the words in the text that have the following meanings.
1. expanding
2. counter-urbanization
3. doubled
4. increase
5. migrate
1. becoming larger in size or amount
2. the movement of people out of cities to the surrounding areas
3. became twice as big or twice as many
4. a rise in size, amount or degree
5. go to live in another area or country
1. What is urbanisation?
2. What do MEDCs and LEDCs stand for?
3. Where did rapid urbanisation take place prior to 1950? Why?
4. What happened after 1950?
5. What are some of the `push` factors of urbanisation?
6. Why are small farmers` lives difficult?
7. What are some of the ‘pull’ factors of urbanisation?
ACTIVITY 4. Answer the following questions.
1. What is urbanisation?
It’s a process by which urban areas grow bigger as more and more people leave the countryside to live in towns and cities.
2. What do MEDCs and LEDCs stand for?
MEDCs stands for more economically developed countries. LEDCs stands for less economically developed countries.
3. Where did rapid urbanisation take place prior to 1950? Why?
Before the 1950s, rapid urbanization took place in Europe and North America because it was the period of industrialization in these areas.
4. What happened after 1950?
After 1950 the urbanization started to grow rapidly in LEDCs.
5. What are some of the `push` factors of urbanisation?
Some of the ‘push’ factors of urbanization are lack of resources in rural areas, bad weather conditions, and competition from large agricultural companies.
ACTIVITY 4. Answer the following questions.
ACTIVITY 4. Answer the questions.
6. Why are small farmers` lives difficult?
Because they have to suffer bad weather conditions , and competition from large agricultural companies.
7. What are some of the ‘pull’ factors of urbanisation?
Some of the ‘pull’ factors of urbanization are the centralization of resources such as money, services, wealth and opportunities as well as the higher living standards of these areas.
ACTIVITY 5. Discuss with a partner.
How has your area been affected
by urbanization?
Homework
- Read the passage fluently and learn the new words from the reading by heart
- Prepare the new lesson: SPEAKING
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
=> It`s a process by which urban areas grow bigger as more and more people leave the countryside to live in towns and cities.
=> MEDCs stands for more economically developed countries. LEDCs stands for less economically developed countries.
=> Before the 1950s, rapid urbanisation took place in Europe and North America because it was the period of industrialisation in these areas.
=> After 1950, urbanisation started to grow rapidly in LEDCs.
=> Some of the ‘push’ factors of urbanisation are lack of resources in rural areas, bad weather conditions, and competition from large agricultural companies.
=> Because they have to suffer bad weather conditions and competition from large agricultural companies.
nguon VI OLET
