Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
Clauses / Linking words  
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1.- Fill in: where, whose, who, which, when and why  
Buying a present for someone is often a tricky business. The first thing 1) which….  
you have to decide is what to buy and the shop 2) …… you should go to buy it. Then  
you might want to buy a joint present with a friend, so you have to find a time 3) ……  
you are both free. It is probably most difficult buying a present for someone 4) ……  
you don‘t know very well and 5) …… tastes you know little about. You have tot ry to  
find something 6) ……. you think they would like. However, it is also no easy job  
buying a present for a close member of your family, such as your mother. I never know  
what excuse to tell my mother when I go out. I can‘t tell her the reason 7) …….. I‘m  
going out because I want to surprise her on the big day. Still, it is worth all the trouble  
just to see the look of pleasure on someone‘s face the moment 8)…… they receive your  
gift.  
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2.- Fill in: who, which, whose, when, where or why.  
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993 was the year 1) … (when) … I took my first holiday abroad. We were students at  
the time, with very little money, which is the reason 2) ….. we decided to go to Spain.  
We booked through the local travel agent, 3) ….. went to a lot of trouble to find us a  
resort 4) ….. was quiet by day but 5) ….. had a lively night life. I went with my friend  
Cynthia, 6) ….. has been my friend for nearly six years now. The flight to Malaga, 7)  
.. took over five hours, was very comfortable. Cynthia, 8)….. was a .‘ little nervous,  
was comforted by an air stewardess 9) ….. was very courteous and helpful. The hotel  
0) ….. we stayed was just a 10-minute walk from the centre. It had a swimming pool  
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and a gym 11) ….. we used every morning. We spent the first day of our holiday on the  
beach, 12) ….. was beautiful. Unfortunately, when we got back to the hotel that night  
my friend, 13) ….. skin is very pale, realised that she had got badly burned. The  
suncream 14) …..she had applied was simply not strong enough. I explained the  
situation to the hotel manager, 15) …..was very helpful. He telephoned the local doctor,  
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6) ….. arrived shortly afterwards. He advised my friend to stay in bed for at least three  
days. After these three days, my friend, 17) ….. had fully recovered, was ready to go  
out for the evening. We found a lovely restaurant 18)….. we tried some local dishes.  
We had a great time for the rest of our holiday.  
We found some very good discos 19) …..we spent many of our evenings. We also went  
to some places 20) ….. had live Spanish music. We made some good friends 21) …..  
we are still in contact with. Cynthia has learned her lesson, too. Whenever we go on  
holiday in a country 22) ….. climate is hotter than ours, she remembers to bring a high  
factor sun cream with her.  
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3. Rewrite the sentences in as many ways as possible.  
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The hotel where we stayed was in the mountains.  
The hotel in which we stayed was in the mountains / The hotel we stayed in was in  
the mountains ….  
That‘s the box where we keep the books.  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
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The girl to whom John was talking is my sister.  
The house where I spent my childhood has been demolished.  
That‘s the man to whom he spoke on the day of the murder.  
The friend I was travelling with spoke German.  
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4.- Fill in the relative pronoun; adding commas where necessary. Write D for  
defining, ND for non-defining and whether the relative can be omitted or not  
The woman …..who/that … bought the house next door is very friendly … D (not  
omitted) ..  
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Ann ………….is a generous person took us all on holiday.  
The hospital …………he was treated is a very good one.  
People ……………..don‘t eat meat are called vegetarians.  
The house …………………. they live is very small.  
The book ………I am reading at the moment is very interesting.  
The hotel …………….is opposite the museum is very expensive.  
People ……………speak two languages equally well are called bilingual.  
Dublin …………….. has a population of one million is a very beautiful city.  
0 People …………….. mug other people should be punished.  
1 My best friend ………. name is Sarah is living in Poland now.  
2 Greece …………has many beautiful islands is a great place for holidays.  
3 People …………………drink and drive should be heavily fined.  
4 Women ……………………..are pregnant should not smoke.  
5 The flat …………………………….she lives in is very cold.  
6 Majorca was the first place ……………..we went on holiday together.  
7 The man…………… the police arrested last night was charged with murder.  
8 The newspaper ……………I buy is always full of interesting articles.  
9 The velvet dress ……………..she wore to the party was very expensive .  
0 The students …………………were involved in the march were arrested.  
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5.- Combine the following sentences using relatives.  
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This is the house. Shakespeare lived here.  
This is the house where Shakespeare lived ……  
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She bought a new dress. She wore it to my party.  
That‘s the woman. She won the lottery last week.  
This is the vase. He bought it at an auction.  
My friend has a new cat. Its name is Riley.  
This is the cinema. It was built in 1945.  
This is Mary. I‘m sharing a flat with her.  
The cheque only arrived today. He posted it last week.  
I‘m reading Wuthering Heights. It was written by Emily Bronte.  
0 Paul‘s new car has broken down. This car cost him £10,000.  
1 Here‘s a photograph of the hotel. We stayed there last summer.  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
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6.- Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.  
We met many people on holiday - many of them were from England. whom  
We met many people … on holiday, many of whom … were from England.  
That customer refused to pay his bill. who  
That‘s ………………………………………. pay his bill.  
We went to a very expensive restaurant. which  
The restaurant ………………………….was very expensive.  
We had some visitors - three of them were Chinese. whom  
We had some visitors, …………………………Chinese.  
Many tourists stay at Jury‘s Hotel. where  
Jury‘s Hotel …………………………………….. stay.  
Members of the AA can ring this number when their cars break down. whose  
Members of the AA ………………………. ring this number.  
There are eighty people working here - many of them are Irish. whom  
There are eighty people ……………………….. are Irish.  
I lost my favourite earrings, which is a pity. that  
It is …………………………………. my favourite earrings.  
My twenty-three year old brother is in India. who  
My brother ………………………………………in India.  
0 Matthew, with whom I went out, is from Wales. who  
Matthew, ………………………………. , is from Wales.  
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7.-Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense  
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He talked about Denmark as though he … had been. .. (be) there but we know he  
never has.  
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She looks as if she …………………….(be) really ill.  
It looks as though it ………………………..(rain).  
She behaves as if she ……………………(be) in trouble.  
The weather here is so bad, it looks as though we ……………. (have to) holiday  
abroad.  
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It smells as if you …………….(put) lots of herbs in the stew.  
Maeve looked as though she ………….(have) little sleep the night before, but she had  
gone to bed quite early.  
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When he speaks, it sounds as if English…………… (not be) his first language.  
She spoke about university as though she ……………….. (spend) years there but in  
fact she‘d only spent a month there.  
0 I spoke to Simon last night and he sounded as though he ……………. (be) really  
upset about something.  
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1 She sounded as if she ………………….(be) French.  
2 This sauce tastes as if you ……………(put) too much pepper in it.  
3 My sister isn‘t rich but she spends money as though she …………………….. (have)  
loads of it.  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
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4 She acts as though she ………………..(be) very confident, but in fact she‘s quite  
shy.  
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5 She treats me as though I …………………(be) her child.  
6 He talks about karate as if he ………………(have) a black belt but we know he‘s  
only just started lessons.  
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7 Little Tommy was trembling as though he ………… .. (see) a ghost.  
8 She behaved as if nothing ……………………. (happen).  
9 When Moira broke off their relationship, John behaved as if the world …… (end).  
0 That woman looks as though she ……………………… (faint). Bring her some  
water .  
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8.- Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words .  
Someone must have used too much garlic in the sauce. if  
The sauce tasted … as if someone had used. .. too much garlic.  
You look like you need a holiday. if  
You look …………………………………… a holiday  
He seems to have lost weight since I last saw him. as  
He looks …………………………….. weight since I last saw him.  
She had a feeling she had met Gary before. though  
She felt ………………………………….. Gary before  
She behaves like a beauty queen. as  
She behaves ………………………………… a beauty queen.  
She seems to need a rest. if  
She looks ……………………………………….. a rest.  
I mowed the lawn as he had told me to. way  
I mowed the lawn , ……………………………. told me to.  
She isn‘t rich but she acts like a millionairess. if  
She acts ………………………………………. a millionairess.  
I taught the class as she had instructed me to. way  
I taught the class …………………………….. instructed me to.  
0 My grandfather seems to have got much thinner since I last saw him. as  
My grandfather looks ……………….much thinner since I last saw him.  
1 I polished the silver like she told me to. way  
I polished ……………………………………….told me to.  
2 He orders me like his slave. As  
He orders ………………………………………….. his slave.  
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9.- Underline the appropriate time phrase and put the verbs into the correct tense.  
Dear Friend, The World Wildlife Fund is currently launching its most important  
campaign ever to help protect our vanishing species of wildlife from extinction. 1)  
(Before/As soon as) the turn of the century there 2) ……. (be) more than 40,000 tigers  
in India, while now there are around 3,750. 3) (Before/Until) twenty years ago the  
numbers of Black Rhinos 4) ……. (exceed) 60,000. Now, less than 2,500 remain. 5)  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
(As long as/As soon as) animal habitats continue to be burned, polluted and destroyed,  
species 6) ……. (continue) to disappear. 7) (While/When) there 8)…….. (be) still a  
demand for illegal rhino horns and tiger bones, the hunting of wildlife will continue. 9)  
(By the time/Every time) people 10) ……. (become) aware of the situation, it may be  
too late. We must act now 11) (before/until) these animals 12) ……. (disappear)  
forever. That‘s why WWF is urging all governments to get tough on illegal traders. 13)  
(Every time/While) a crime against wildlife 14) ……. (be/exposed), we are one step  
closer to our goal. If, like me, you believe that we must do all we can to stop this  
destruction, join the fight today and support the WWF campaign. Your gift will go  
directly to our vanishing species programme. Please support this crucial work. WWF  
can‘t fight alone.  
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0.- Fill in —if“ or —when“ and put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.  
I will visit you … when … I … finish … (finish) work today.  
The aeroplane will take off without us ……. we …….(arrive) late at the airport.  
…….you …….(not/reach) a decision yet, I‘ll call back tomorrow.  
……. (you/finish) this report?  
…….. John …….. (return) from work, we can go shopping.  
…….. Jack ……. (ring) while I am out, tell him to be here at 12.00.  
……. I ……. (be) ready, I‘ll give you a call.  
……. we can‘t come up with the money soon, the deal ……. (fall through).  
……. the star …….. (arrive) at the hotel, she will be greeted by crowds of fans.  
0 …….. (you/stop) lying about your age?  
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1.- Complete the sentences in any meaningful way using an appropriate time word.  
The shop had closed … before/by the time they got there .  
She went into the classroom . ………………………….  
The baby cried for its mother ………………………………… .  
I recognised him …………………………………………..  
The cake must be left to cool down ……………………… .  
I will meet you ……………………………………… .  
She couldn‘t walk properly…………………………….. .. .  
I want to see you………………………………………. .  
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2.- Fill in: where, wherever, everywhere or anywhere.  
Wherever/Everywhere … I looked, people were dancing.  
……. Ruth goes, she always misses England.  
Now that Hilary has a car she can go ……. she wants.  
David tends to be happy……. he is living.  
S I don‘t mind ……. we go to eat, as long as it‘s cheap.  
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Have you seen my watch ……. in the house?  
You can see these advertisements ……. you go.  
B I couldn‘t find a parking space ……. close to the office.  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
1
3.-Join the sentences using the words in brackets.  
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It was raining. The match was called off. (due to)  
. Due to the rain, the match was called off ….  
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He left her. He couldn‘t put up with her complaints. (for) .  
We can‘t go on holiday. There‘s too much work to do. (since) .  
I can‘t come with you. I have to visit my uncle. (as) .  
She made mistakes. She wasn‘t experienced. (because) .  
I didn‘t know that she had been married. She seldom talks about herself. (since)  
She took a break. She wasn‘t feeling well. (because) .  
She was soaked to the skin. It was raining very hard. (as)  
He is in debt. He will have to reduce his spending a lot. (on the grounds that) .  
0 They turned back. They didn‘t want to get stuck in the traffic. (for)  
1
4.- Fill in: so, such or such a(n) .  
A few years ago, I spent my holiday on the Greek island of Santorini. I was 1) … so …  
worried about travelling alone that I became quite nervous. However, about five  
minutes after the ferry had left I met 2) ….. nice American couple that I stayed with  
them for the whole holiday. When we docked, we were pushed onto a bus that was  
filled with 3) ….. a lot of people that we felt as if we couldn‘t breathe. At the bus  
station there were 4) ….. many people waiting to offer us accommodation that we  
decided to ignore them, referring to walk along the main road to find somewhere to stay  
ourselves. After an hour or so we started to think that not accepting any of the men‘s  
offers of accommodation had been 5) ….. bad idea that we decided to ask someone for  
help. We asked an old man if he knew of anywhere we could stay. He led us to a lovely  
little apartment on the edge of a cliff. It was 6) ….. gorgeous a flat, and the view was 7)  
.. good that we took it immediately. We had brought 8)….. few things with us, and it  
took us 9) ….. short time to unpack that we were on the famous black sand beach in no  
time. We had 10) ….. nice time together and we became 11) ….. good friends that we  
still keep in touch, sending letters and Christmas cards. This year Scott and Arianne are  
coming to Scotland to spend Christmas with me. It will be great to see them again.  
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5.-Rewrite the text using such/so … that  
There were many people in the station. I was unable to find the friend I had arranged to  
meet. It had also been a long time since I‘d seen her. I barely. remembered what she  
looked like. Then, suddenly I heard a familiar voice behind me. —Marilyn, is that really  
you?“ Rachel smiled at me. —It‘s been terribly long. I‘ve got an awful lot of things to  
tell you. Come on! Let‘s go somewhere for coffee.“ I took her to a lovely cafe I know.  
It was a very nice da~ we decided to sit outside in the sun. We had a lot to say to each  
other. We didn‘t notice the time fly. We used to spend a lot of time together. I always  
knew what she was thinking. We had never kept secrets from each other. Now, she  
seemed happy enough, but her eyes looked really sad. I was sure that there was  
somet)1ing she wasn‘t telling me. When I confronted her, she said that everything was  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
fine. —Don‘t try to pretend, Rachel,“ I said. —We‘ve been very good friends for many  
years now. You can‘t possibly think I can‘t tell that you‘re upset.“.  
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6.- Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.  
The town was so unfriendly that we left immediately. an  
It was … such an unfriendly town that … we left immediately.  
He couldn‘t eat the food because it was very spicy. for  
He couldn‘t eat ……………………………….. very spicy.  
Do you know the reason for her being so upset? why  
Do you …………………………………….upset?  
It was such a lovely summer in England that we stayed at home. so  
It ……………………………..in England that we stayed at home.  
The trip abroad was cancelled due to lack of interest. of  
The trip abroad was cancelled …………………………….interest.  
She was rushing to the office so she couldn‘t talk to me. consequently  
She was rushing to the office and ……………………….. to me.  
It was such an interesting book that I stayed up all night to finish it. so  
It was ………………………I stayed up all night to finish it.  
No one knows what caused his illness. why  
No one knows ………………………………………………. ill  
She lost her ticket so she had to buy another one. result  
She lost her ticket and ……………………….. to buy another one.  
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7.- Join the sentence in as many ways as possible as in the example:  
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We took some food. We might get hungry on the journey  
We took some food so that we wouldn‘t get hungry on the journey./ We took some  
food In case we got hungry on the journey./ We took some food to avoid getting hungry  
on the journey. /We took some food so as not to get hungry on the journey. etc …  
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She studies hard. She wants to get a good job when she finishes university .  
We flew direct to Rome. We didn‘t want to get stuck in London .  
He has joined a gym. He wants to be healthy and fit for the summer .  
She didn‘t go to town yesterday. She didn‘t want to spend any money .  
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8 Join the sentences using the words in brackets.  
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He‘s taking driving lessons. He wants to be able to drive to work. (so that)  
He‘s taking driving lessons so that he‘ll be able to drive to work ….  
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She left her jewellery in a safe deposit box. It may be stolen. (fear) .  
The beekeeper put on a veil and helmet. He didn‘t want to be stung by the bees.  
(avoid).  
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She is on a strict diet. She wants to fit into her black dress for the party. (as) .  
He left home early. He wanted to be at the restaurant on time. (in order to) .  
I‘ll bring something for dessert. We may want to eat something sweet later. (in case)  
This is a bread bin. You use it to keep bread fresh. (for) .  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
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I brought my umbrella. The weather forecast said it would rain later. (in case) .  
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9.-Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.  
He had taken an anorak so he wouldn‘t get wet. avoid  
He had taken an anorak … to avoid getting … wet.  
Travellers are advised to take out insurance. Their luggage may go astray. case  
Travellers are advised to take out insurance …………. astray.  
Lynn has just bought a new car. She plans to drive around Europe this summer. aim  
Lynn bought a new car …………..around Europe this summer.  
There are ramps in the road so that motorists won‘t drive too fast. prevent  
There are ramps in the road ………………………..too fast.  
John took up karate. He wanted to become fitter. view  
John took up karate …………………………….fitter.  
I‘ll pack some juice for the picnic. We may be thirsty later. case  
I‘ll pack some juice for the picnic ……………………….later.  
I went to the market early. I wanted to buy some fresh fish. in  
I went to the market early ……………………some fresh fish.  
This is a hammer. You use it to bang in nails. for  
A hammer is ………………………………………nails.  
Mary did her Christmas shopping early. She didn‘t want to do it on Christmas Eve.  
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avoid  
Mary did her Christmas shopping early…………..on Christmas Eve.  
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0 Dennis is saving money. He wants to go to Australia. order  
Dennis is saving money ……………………… to Australia.  
1 She started an art and design course last year. She plans to open her own business.  
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view  
She started an art and design course last year …………….her own business.  
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0.- Fill in an appropriate purpose word and put the verbs into the correct form.  
Dear Sir/Madam,  
We have produced this information sheet 1) ..with a view .. to making…. (make) the  
registration procedure easier for you. Read it carefully 2) …………….(familiarize)  
yourself  
with the procedure. Each faculty must register at a certain time so please do come on  
time 3) ……. (not/make) the process more difficult. You must report to the registrar‘s  
office 4) …….. (give) her your personal details. You must also bring your passport with  
you 5) ………they ………..(verify) these details. After this you must go to the main  
section 6) ………….(have) your photograph taken. You will then be given your student  
identification card which may be used 7) ……. (take out) books. We have included a  
map of the campus 8)…….. you ……..(not/get) lost.  
We look forward to seeing you on registration day.  
Yours faithfully,  
Jane Smith  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
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1.- Underline the correct item.  
Yet/No matter what he does to please her, she always finds something to complain  
about.  
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Although/However I set my alarm clock for 7.00 am, it didn‘t go off.  
Despite/Even though the bad weather forecast, Susan and Jim went climbing.  
She tries hard, although/yet she makes little progress.  
Tom‘s wife drives better than he does, whereas/although he won‘t admit it.  
Lots of people drive fast although/in spite of police warnings.  
Bad mannered though/yet he is, he has got lots of friends.  
She is a brilliant singer; while/nevertheless, she refuses to sing in public.  
Rich as/even though they are, they never buy expensive things.  
0 However/While much she denies it, she does dye her hair blonde.  
1 She speaks Japanese fluently, yet/despite she has never visited the country.  
2 In spite of/However all the bad publicity, the film became a box office success.  
3 Janine turned up at the wedding even though/despite she wasn‘t invited.  
4 However/Though hard he tries, he‘ll never outsmart Pat.  
5 Much as/yet I admire her, I can‘t accept her point of view on this matter.  
6 The northwest of the country gets a lot of rain whereas/as the east gets more snow.  
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2.- Fill in: although/though/even though, despite, while/whereas, but, however/no  
matter how, or nevertheless.  
Your Stars  
… And now for a quick look at what‘s in store for Librans this month. It may seem  
like all work and no play at the moment. 1) Nevertheless … , if you apply yourself,  
you‘ll feel satisfied with a job well done. And don‘t worry! 2) ……………difficult  
things may be right now, you‘ll soon have a chance to relax. 3) ……………. having a  
lot on your mind, you must be careful not to neglect your partner. 4) …………………  
you are probably feeling confident and secure in your relationship, he/she is likely to be  
in need of some extra love and attention. There will be a lot of demands on your time  
this weekend 5) …… the situation will ease by the end of the month. And 6) …….  
there may be lots of changes in store for you, there‘s nothing you can‘t cope with.“  
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3.- Rephrase the sentences in as many ways as possible in order to express  
concession.  
The weather was cold. They enjoyed the picnic  
. Despite the weather being cold, they enjoyed the picnic./ Although the weather was  
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cold, they enjoyed the picnic. / Cold as the weather was, they enjoyed the picnic./ In  
spite of the fact that the weather wag cold, they enjoyed the picnic. / The weather was  
cold. They enjoyed the picnic, though. etc . …  
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She is young. She is sensible .  
He is thin. He went on a diet.  
He had no money. She married him  
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Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
5
He is wealthy. He never spends money on himself .  
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4.- Complete the missing parts of the sentences using words expressing concession.  
No matter what he says… , you mustn‘t believe him.  
………………………….., he lost the election.  
He didn‘t get the job ………………………………  
…………………………..he can‘t get over his divorce.  
S He wants to buy a new car, …………………….  
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……………………… , the shop wouldn‘t replace it.  
……………………………… , he insulted her.  
The film was boring ………………………………..  
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5.- Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.  
Diamonds are expensive but people buy them. though  
Even … though diamonds are expensive … , people buy them.  
The weather is so warm that we‘re wearing T-shirts, even though it‘s almost  
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Christmas. yet  
It‘s almost ………………….so warm that we‘re wearing T-shirts.  
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He tried to solve the problem but he couldn‘t find the solution. how  
No ………………..to solve the problem he couldn‘t find the solution.  
He got a well paid job even though he didn‘t have much experience. of  
In ……………………….experience, he got a well paid job.  
He read the book. although he found it boring. fact  
He read the book ………………………………..it boring.  
You can say what you like but I don‘t think he‘ll win. matter  
No …………………………………. I don‘t think he‘ II win.  
Although she dislikes pets, she allowed her children to get a dog. nevertheless  
She …………………………her children to get a dog.  
John is interested in computers. His wife enjoys gardening. while  
John is interested in computers …………………..gardening.  
You can try all you want, but you‘ll never convince him to help you. matter  
You‘ll never convince him to help you, ……………………..try.  
0 She was very upset but she managed to behave cheerfully. as  
Upset ……………………………to behave cheerfully.  
1 I like horror films; they frighten me though. even  
I like horror films ……………………………….me.  
2 She was very tired and as a result she fell asleep at the wheel. that  
She was … so tired that she … feel asleep at the wheel.  
3 The player was disqualified because he had been caught cheating. due  
The player was disqualified …………he had been caught cheating.  
4 She received three letters this morning. All of them were from Tony. which  
She received three letters this morning, …………..from Tony.  
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10  
Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
1
5 The way she behaves, you‘d think she was the director. as  
She ………………………………………the director.  
6 You are advised to book early so that you can be sure of a place. order  
You are advised to book early …………………..of a place.  
7 The match had already finished when I got there. by  
The match had already finished ,……………….. there.  
8 It was an exciting match, even though our team lost. despite  
It was an exciting match, ……………………………….. lost  
9 The film got several reviews; none of them were favourable. which  
The film got several reviews, …………………….favourable.  
0 The children ran away to avoid being bitten by the dog. fear  
The children ran away ………………………….bite them.  
1 The mountain was too high for us to climb in one day. such  
It was ……………………….we couldn‘t climb it in one day.  
2 She is good natured; she loses her temper easily, though. as  
Good natured , ………………….she loses her temper easily.  
3 He didn‘t get the job because he did badly in the interview. his  
He didn‘t get the job ………………….badly in the interview.  
4 Be sure to arrive early if you don‘t want to miss the beginning of the play. as  
Be sure to arrive early ………………….. the beginning of the play.  
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6.- Fill in: what (a/an), how, so or such (a/an).  
What a …………strange man he is!  
……………….inconsiderate of you!  
It was …………..lovely meal!  
………………….sweet she is!  
…………………shiny hair she has!  
The film was ………………boring!  
……………..cold it is!  
…………….nice eyes he‘s got!  
The journey was ………………..long!  
0 He‘s ……………..interesting person!  
1 ………………..awful day I had!  
2 …………………tasty biscuits!  
3 ……………….high he jumps!  
4 Her pies are ……………..delicious!  
5 They are ……………….noisy neighbours!  
6 ………………..warm the sea is!  
7 ……………….odd thing to do!  
8 They had ……………….. wonderful holiday!  
9 ……………….dirty Tommy is!  
0 ……………….nice weather we‘re having!  
11  
Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
2
7.-Rephrase the following as in the example:  
1
It was such an exciting match! …  
.Wasn‘t the match exciting!/What an exciting match!/ How exciting a match!/Wasn‘t  
it an exciting match!/ The match was so exciting! …  
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How expensive a coat!  
Isn‘t she clever!  
It was such a waste of time!  
The water is so dirty!  
Wasn‘t it a terrible storm!  
What cold hands!  
How lucky John is!  
He‘s so forgetful!  
0 She cooks so well!  
1 Doesn‘t he talk nonsense!  
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8.- Fill in: what (a/an), how, so or such (a/an).  
John: Did you see that film last night? I‘ve never seen anything as good as that!  
Simon: The one with Harrison Ford? Yes, It was 1) so … well-made!  
John: And I couldn‘t believe 2) ….. funny it was in places!  
Simon: And 3) ….. lot of special effects!  
John: Yes. The whole thing had 4) …… strong effect on me! Actually, I couldn‘t stop  
thinking about it.  
Simon: I wonder how long it will be before there‘s a sequel.  
John: I don‘t know. Very soon, I imagine, as the film was 5) ….. good!  
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9.- Join the sentences using words in brackets.  
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Claire is reliable. She is conscientious too. (in addition to)  
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(
In addition to being reliable Claire is also conscientious. (positive addition) ….  
There have been severe snowstorms allover Britain. Scotland has been the worst hit.  
specifically).  
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Peter can‘t afford a holiday this year. Dick can‘t either. (neither … nor)  
Many famous people supported the cause. Princess Diana and Michael Jackson did,  
for example. (such as)  
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My nephew likes to wear a watch. He can‘t tell the time yet though. (even though)  
The film was good. The ending was a bit of a disappointment, though. (except for)  
The firefighter rushed into the blazing building. He didn‘t think of the danger.  
(regardless of)  
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Colin‘s mother is French. He can‘t speak a word of the language, though. (and yet)  
The elderly woman walked very slowly and hesitantly. She was probably in great  
pain. (as if)  
0 I would like to make an appointment with the bank manager. It‘s about my  
application for a loan. (concerning)  
1 I suppose I can tell you. You mustn‘t tell anyone else. (providing)  
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12  
Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
1
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2 I always have a hot chocolate before I go to bed. It helps me to sleep. (in order to)  
3 Yesterday I found a wallet. It contained over a hundred pounds. (which)  
4 I really enjoy surfing. It‘s difficult. (although)  
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0.-Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words.  
I haven‘t worn my blue dress for a long time. since  
It‘s a long time … since I last wore … my blue dress.  
There was a queue at the supermarket so I was late home. due  
I arrived home late ………..there was a queue at the supermarket.  
James has decided to buy a motorbike; we can‘t stop him. prevent  
We can‘t ………………………………..a motorbike.  
She studied biology because she wanted to be a nurse. view  
She studied biology ……………………………a nurse.  
He was hard-working but he couldn‘t find a job. though  
Hard-working ………………………..not find a job.  
She left all her money in the bank because she was afraid of being burgled. fear  
She left all her money in the bank …………………..burgled.  
I cashed a cheque because I might need more money. case  
I cashed a cheque …………………………..money.  
Take some sandwiches. There may not be a cafe at the station. in  
Take some sandwiches …………………….a cafe at the station.  
My little brother is very different from me. like  
My little brother is …………………………. me.  
0 He was the only one who didn‘t enjoy the film. except  
Everyone ………………………………….him.  
1 Always drive carefully if you don‘t want to have an accident. avoid  
Always drive carefully …………………….an accident.  
2 He won‘t agree to modernising the office, not even to hiring more staff. alone  
He won‘t agree to modernising the office ……………..more staff  
3 Whatever you say, I will never marry him. what  
I will never marry him …………………………..you say.  
4 You can come with me but only if you promise to behave yourself. provided  
You can come with me ………………….to behave yourself.  
5 Once everybody had arrived, the teacher began the lesson. had  
The teacher waited …………………she started the lesson.  
6 I used to work in that shop. where  
That‘s the shop ………………………………………work  
7 She was so worried that she couldn‘t concentrate on her work. too  
She was ………………………………………..on her work.  
8 I didn‘t tell him what I thought because I didn‘t want to upset him. so  
I didn‘t tell him what I thought ……………………..him.  
9 It was such a loud bang that we all jumped. so  
It was …………………………………we all jumped.  
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13  
Nguyen Van Minh M.A  
Clause and linking words  
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0 The music was too loud; I got a headache. such  
It was ……………………………….. I got a headache.  
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1.- Find the word which should not be in the sentence.  
He was promoted as because of his exceptional performance at work.  
As a result of his being waking up late, he missed the meeting.  
The woman who greeting the crowd is the Duchess of Kent.  
The star hired a bodyguard for fear of she might be kidnapped.  
A pen is used for to writing.  
Despite of being pressed for time, he listened to her complaints.  
Brilliant though his proposals as were, they were not accepted.  
Those whose houses were damaged by the flood they will be compensated.  
I‘ll collect the tickets before I will go to the office.  
0 Nobody knows the reason for his being absence.  
1 She crossed the street to avoid from meeting him.  
2 How so considerate of you to give us a call!  
3 The man that arrested for arson will appear in court today.  
4 When they will finish rehearsing, they are planning to give a press conference.  
5 They introduced new measures in order that to control the situation.  
6 She has got so little of information that she can‘t possibly help us.  
7 They‘re planning to record the match in case they will miss it.  
8 Theirs was such a nice furniture that we all admired it.  
9 What an awful weather!  
0 This is the fireman who he risked his life to save the girl.  
1 We were running out of time so that we had to make haste.  
2 He decided to visit the place where Monet spent his life there.  
3 The MP, whose his speech made such an impression, is leaving for Paris tonight.  
4 He left early so that as to be sure of getting to work on time.  
5 John acts as if he were been in charge of the whole department.  
14  
nguon VI OLET