Luyện tập tiếng anh Unit 5

Unit 5. INVENTIONS

PHONETICS

1. Choose the compound with different stress.

1. A. computer screen  B. back door  C. alarm clock  D. bank manager

2. A. toothache  B. night club  C. crossroads  D. half-price

3. A. motorbike  B. waiting room C. second class D. traffic lights

4. A. mobile phone  B. credit card  C. swimming pool D. check-in desk

5. A. travel agent  B. city centre  C. tourist visa  D. supermarket

2. Fil1 each gap with a suitable compound below and practise the dialogue.

birthday present      wine bar           handbag          boyfriend     earrings

A: Oh, no. I can’t find my (1) _____________________________.

B: Have you looked in your (2) _____________________?

A: Of course.

B: Maybe, you left them in that (3) _____________________ last night.

A: Oh, no, maybe I did.

B: Are they important?

A: Yes, they were a (4) _____________________ from my (5) _____________________.

VOCABULARY

1. Fill each gap with the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. There’s increasing demand for cars which are more ____________________ (economy) on fuel.
2. I’ve always thought he was a ____________________ (wonder) actor.
3. They’ve always ____________________ (courage) me in everything I’ve wanted to do.
4. The world changed rapidly after the ____________________ (invent) of the telephone.
5. The move from TV to film was a logical ____________________ (develop) in her career.
6. Painting is a relatively ____________________ (expensive) way to enhance your home.
7. The country is heavily  ____________________ (depend) on oil and gas imports.
8. Freedom of ____________________ (choose) is very important to many people.
9. A woman of her ____________________ (able) will easily find a job.
10. This will reduce the ____________________ (environment) risks to employees’ health.

2. Fill each gap in the passage with a suitable word below.

computers  medal  business   enthusiasts  possessions

heroes    system  plane  memory  van

One of my greatest (1) __________________ is Steve Wozniak, who was working at Hewlett Packard when Steve Jobs persuaded him to become his (2) ____________________ partner. They didn’t have any money, so they sold their most valuable (3) ____________________ to raise the money for their venture. These included Wozniaks scientific calculator and Jobs’ Volkswagen camper (4)              ____________________. Together they founded Apple.

Wozniak wrote most of the software for the operating (5) ____________________. He created the Apple I for computer (6) ____________________ and Apple II, the world’s first personal computer, for the general public. It became one of the most popular personal (7) ____________________ of the 1970s and 1980s. The Apple computer’s big advantage was that it was easy to use. In 1981, Wozniak was flying his (8) ____________________ when he had a bad crash which resulted in (9) ____________________ loss. In 1985, he and Jobs received the National Technology (10) ___________________ from Ronald Reagan, the American

President. He finally left Apple in 1987.

3. Fill each gap with the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the passage.

One of the most important (1)  ____________________ (achieve) in the history of the motorcar was the development of the Model-T Ford in 1813, which was the first car to be produced in a large scale. The (2) ____________________ (invent) of this method of production was Henry Ford, the (3) ___________________  (found) of the Ford Motor Company.

The production line, as it came to be (4) _________________ (know), offered employment to thousands of (5) ____________________ (work). It cut costs as well, making cars (6) ____________________ (afford) to many (7) ____________________ (custom). In addition, the replacement of old work practices made cars more (8) ____________________ (rely), while numerous improvements to the inferior of the car made driving a (9) ____________________ (please). So car owners thank Henry Ford for his enormous (10) _________________ (contribute) to the car industry.

4. Read the following passage and choose the best answer.

If you ask anyone who (1) ____ television, they will tell you that it was John Logie Baird. While Baird was, of course, extremely important in the history of television, it would be more (2) ____ to see his role as part of a link of events which finally led to television as we (3) ____ it today.

The history of television really began in 1871 with the (4) ____ by Berzelius, a Swiss chemist, of the chemical selenium. It was found that the amount of electric current that could carry selenium (5) ____ on how much light struck it. This discovery led to G. R. Carey, an American inventor, (6) ____ up with the first real television system in 1875. His system used selenium to transmit a picture along wires to a (7) ____ of light bulbs. This picture was not clear, however. Over the next few years, a number of scientists and inventors simplified and (8) ____ on Carey’s system. It was not (9) ____ 1923 that Baird made the first practical transmission. Once again, the picture was (10) ____ through wires, but it was much clearer than Carey’s mostly fifty years (11) ____.

The Second World War (12) ____ the development of television. After the war, television (13) ____ began to flood the market, with the first mass TV (14) ____ watching the baseball World Series in the American in 1947. Within a few years, television had captured the (15) ____ of the whole world.

1. A. noticed  B. found  C. invented  D. conceived
2. A. real   B. accurate  C. specific  D. particular
3. A. know  B. realise  C. comprehend D. distinguish
4. A. sighting  B. finding  C. location  D. discovery
5. A. relied  B. affected  C. depended  D. resulted
6. A. going  B. coming  C. making  D. doing
7. A. row   B. list   C. queue  D. procession
8. A. bettered  B. extended  C. developed  D. approved
9. A. after  B. until  C. up to  D. then
10. A. sent   B. pushed  C. transferred  D. transported
11. A. ago   B. after   C. before  D. later
12. A waited  B. cancelled  C. abandoned  D. delayed
13. A. sets   B. boxes  C. machines  D. models
14. A. assembly  B. audience  C. gathering  D. group
15. A. notice  B. awareness  C. attention  D. observation

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GRAMMAR

1. Fill each gap in the sentences with the correct form of a suitable verb below.

meet  leave  be   buy  hurt

think  come  walk  teach  want

1. Remember _______________________ some milk on your way home tonight.
2. I’m busy at the moment. Would you mind __________________________ back later?
3. I’m sorry, Huy. I didn’t mean ____________________ your feelings.

1. When she was a child, her parents wouldn’t allow her ____________________ in the streets.
2. There must be something wrong with An. He keeps ____________________ he’s being followed by a detective.
3. As they’d received a bomb threat, the police ordered everyone ___________________ the building.
4. I remember ____________________________ to be a pop star when I was a little boy.
5. Phong agreed ____________________ me English if I helped him with French.
6. His brother really enjoys going to parties and ____________________ new people.
7. The film star disguised herself to avoid ____________________ recognised.

2. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.

Michael Crichton, who died in 2008, always (1) ____________________ (enjoy/ write) even when he was very young. At the age of fourteen, he (2) _____________________ (manage/ get) a column published in The New York Times. It’s not surprising that he (3) ____________________ (plan/ study) literature. He went to Harvard University although he (4) _____________________ (decide/ change) course while he was there and

got a degree in biological anthropology. After that, he went on to study at Harvard School of Medicine and it was at this time that he (5) ____________________ (start/ write).

Crichton (6) ____________________ (admit/ be) a workaholic and often slept for four hours a day or less while he was writing. His books are full of scientific detail (7) ____________________ (help/ readers/ understand) exactly how the things he is describing work, for example how dinosaurs could come back to life from DNA in Jurassic Park. His books often describe problems that can happen when scientists (8) ____________________ (fail/ think) carefully about what they are doing, something he believed was true in real life. Crichton also (9) ____________________ (want/ become) a film director and worked on a number of films. He also (10) ____________________ (help/ create) the television series ER.

3. Fill each gap with the present perfect tense of a suitable verb below.

  delay   disappear   discover    give      leave   

 arrest   close  die   marry    set fire

1. Mr Long ____________________________ his long-time girlfriend, Ms Lan.
2. His father ________________________ at the age of 78.
3. Once again, bad weather _____________________ the tennis final.
4. The Foreign Minister _____________________ London for a two-day visit to Rome.
5. A plane of 150 people _____________________ in the French Alps.
6. Demonstrators _____________________ to cars in a suburb of Paris.
7. Heavy snow _____________________ hundreds of roads in Scotland.
8. An American businessman _____________________ $10 million to cancer research.
9. Customs officers _________________________ three suspected drug smugglers at the airport.
10. A farmer ________________________________ hundreds of Roman coins in a field.

4. Choose the correct answer.

1. Did you remember bread when you were out?

A. to buy  B. buying  C. both

2. We regret ____ that the flight to Amsterdam will be delayed for one hour.

A. to announce  B. announcing  C. both

3. I like ____ through my lunch break so that I can leave the office early.

A. to work  B. working  C. both

4. ____ you like to come out with me this evening?

A. Do   B. Would  C. both

5. I really love ____ at the sea.

A. to look  B. looking  C. both

6. They don’t allow people ____ inside the building.

A. to smoke  B. smoking  C. both

7. If we buy a house it will mean ____ a lot of money.

A. to borrow  B. borrowing  C. both

8. “My computer won’t work.” - “Try ____ it on.”

A. to switch  B. switching  C. both

9. I can hear somebody ____ up the stairs.

A. come  B. coming  C. both

10. I hate ____ this, but your hair looks terrible.

A. to say  B. saying  C. both

5. Put each verb in brackets into either the past simple, present perfect simple or present perfect continuous.

I (1) __________________ (move) to London three weeks ago to take up a new post at my company’s

London office. Ever since then, I (2) ______________________ (wonder) if I (3) __________________ (make)

the right decision. I (4) __________________ (see) a lot of negative things about living in the capital, and I can’t say London (5) __________________ (make) a very favourable impression on me. It’s so polluted and expensive, and the people are so distant. You see, I (6) __________________ (grow up) in a fairly small town called Devizes and I (7) __________________ (spend) all of my life there. I (8) _________________________ (always/ want) to live in a big city and so when my company (9) __________________ (offer) me a job in London, I (10) __________________ (jump) at the chance.

I think I’m not alone in my aversion to the big city. According to a programme I (11) _______________ (just/ hear) on the radio, more and more people (12)              __________________ (stop) working in London recently, and a lot of large companies (13) ___________________________ (choose) to move away from the centre. Oh well, it’s too late to change my mind now, because the job is up and running, and I (14) __________________ (already/ sell) my house in Devizes. But I must admit, over the past few days, I (15) ______________________ (secretly/ hope) that the company would relocate me back to my old town.

READING

1. Fill each gap (1 -6) with a suitable questions (A-F).

The Internet is without doubt one of the most important inventions in history. It was started in 1968 by the US government, but at first it was used mainly by scientists. Since 1990 when the World Wide Web was created, it has changed the world, and its uses are growing every day.

(1) _________________

The Internet is a network (several networks, in fact) of millions of computers around the world, connected by phone lines, satellite or cable, so that all the computers on the net can exchange information with each other.

(2) _________________

Not quite. The Internet links computers. And the World Wide Web is a system which links the information stored inside these computers.

(3) _________________ 

A company or organisation stores its information in electronic documents on one of the Internet computers, somewhere in the world. This computer space - the company’s website - has an address, in the same way as the telephone has a number. To visit a website, you simply enter the address. Your computer is connected to the website, a document is downloaded, and a page appears on your computer screen.

(4) _________________ 

When you visit a website looking for information, some words on the page may be underlined, showing that there is more information about the subject in another document. If you click on one of these words, the Web automatically connects your computer to a new document or website, even if this is stored thousands of kilometres away. You are surfing the net!

(5) _________________

The main use of the Internet is to find information, for your schoolwork or job, or just to find out more about your hobbies, sports or current events. You can also use the Internet to read newspapers and magazines, play games, plan your holiday or buy things from your favourite shop. E-mail makes it possible to send electronic messages anywhere in the world in seconds, and you can use the Internet to chat with people and make new friends.

(6) _________________

If you don’t already use the Internet, all you need to get started is a computer, a modem and a phone line. Using the Internet is cheaper and easier all the time. Are you ready to surf the net? There’s a whole exciting Internet world out there waiting for you!

A. What exactly is the Internet?

B. What do I need in order to use the Internet?

C. How do I surf the net?

D. That’s the same thing as the Web, isn’t it?

E. What can I use the Internet for?

F. What is a website and how do I use one?

2.  Fill each gap in the passage with a suitable word.

Everyone has heard of Bill Gates, (1)  _________________ of the richest and most successful people in the world. Microsoft, the business he started (2) _____________ a friend in 1975, has become the worlds largest computer software company, and Gates was the world’s youngest billionaire at the (3) _______________ of 31.

His full name is William Henry Gates III, and he (4) _________________ born on 28th October,1955, in Seattle, USA. At school, Bill soon showed that he was very intelligent, and especially good at Maths and Science. His parents decided to send him to Lakeside, the private school (5) _________________ he first began to use computers. 13-year-old Bill Gates and his school friend Paul Allen were soon spending all their time (6) _________________ programs and learning about computers (7) _________________ of their schoolwork!

After finishing school in 1973, Bill went to Harvard, Americas most famous university, the next year, Bill and Paul Allen wrote an operating (8) _______________ for Altair, one of the worlds first microcomputers. The two friends started Microsoft in 1975, and Gates left Harvard. Before long, Microsoft was a major business success. (9) _________________ then, the company has continued to grow, producing most of the worlds leading PC software. One reason for his success is that Gates has always (10) _______________ very ambitious

and hardworking. This has not left him much time for a normal personal life, but in 1994 he married Melinda French, a Microsoft employee, and in 1995 he wrote a best-selling (11) _________________ The Road Ahead.

Bill has mixed feelings about spending so much time running Microsoft. “There are a lot of experiences I (12) _________________ had, but I do like my job,” he says. When he (13) _________________ find time to relax, he likes puzzles, golf and reading about science. For such a rich person, his life is simple, and he spends little (14) _________________ himself and his family, when it comes to helping people, though, Gates is very generous. He has already given huge amounts of money to charity, and says that he plans to give (15) _________________ almost all of his wealth when he retires.

3. Read the following text and choose the best answer.

Kids love gadgets, don’t they? Or perhaps it’s just that they have never lived without them? Children today would find it hard to imagine life without mobile phones, iPods, computer games and the Internet, and there are very few who aren’t technically literate and skilled at using them. Technology has advanced rapidly, particularly over the last decade, and gadgets and gismos will have an ever-increasing influence on children’s lives. A survey of young people between the ages of 8 and 18 in America showed that the average time children spend using electronic gadgets has risen dramatically, to around 7 hours and 38 minutes a day. And some are consuming up to 10 hours’ electronic content a day, because they use more than one gadget at the same time.

Technology has without question improved the quality of children’s lives. Children’s television can be informative as well as entertaining, and in schools, computers are increasingly used as an aid to learning. Educational software frequently offers children the chance to work together, take turns, discuss and solve problems, and all computer games help to improve motor skills and hand-eye co-ordination. Computers and the Internet offer children a sense of empowerment, and provide them with the tools and information needed to solve problems or find things out. Texting, emailing and blogging all drive children to be more experimental with the written word. A recent British survey showed that children who use technology are much more confident about their writing skills. Technology also has a social role. Over 25% of British 8 to 11-year-olds who have a computer are members of an online social network like Facebook or Bebo. They make new friends and chat online, and consider this important, although it can also have downsides. Furthermore, good compute

r skills are essential in today job market, so the more confident children are with computers, the greater the advantage they will have when looking for a job.

Despite these considerable advantages, the press contains almost daily reports of the negative effects that technology has on children. There is a widely held opinion that technology makes children lazy, while this isn’t technically true, it can reduce or replace the opportunity for physical activity for some children. But is there an even darker side? Dr Susan Greenfield believes so. She thinks that spending too long in cyberspace can actually alter the chemistry of the brain. As some children spend between six to nine hours daily staring at a screen, she thinks that their minds are developing differently. The more we play games, the more we are focused on the process and the thrill of attaining the goal. When we win at something, a chemical called dopamine is released in the brain, which makes you feel happy and so becomes addictive. What does not count here is the meaning and content - what does the game mean? Who are the characters in the game and why are they there? This is another level of understanding and reasoning that the brain needs and which is omitted in many computer games. Dr Greenfield is concerned that if we don’t do enough of the right type of thinking, our brains could become less able to function on all levels.

1. According to the text, children nowadays ____.

A. could be better at operating technology.

B. have better lives than they did ten years ago.

C. are certain to be affected by technological advances.

D. are going to have problems with technology in the future.

2. The US survey showed that ____.

A. every child spends over seven hours with gadgets.

B. American children spend more time with gadgets than other children.

C. most children use two gadgets at one time.

D. children spend more time on gadgets than ever before.

3. According to the text, technology ____.

A. can help children develop mentally and physically.

B. is the best tool for teaching children in school.

C. is used by children principally for entertainment and fun.

D. encourages children to work harder.

4. According to the text, what is another important advantage that computer skills give children?

A. They help them to use social networking sites.

B. They help with future employment.

C. They make them better at talking.

D. They make them more confident with people.

5. How does Dr Greenfield feel about computer games?

A. She thinks they stop children exercising.

B. She thinks they are harmless fun.

C. She thinks they are potentially dangerous.

D. She thinks they are good, because they produce a useful chemical.

SPEAKING

1. Look at the list of inventions. Do as the examples.