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GRDAE 12                              TOPIC 1. LIFE STORIES

I. VOCABULARY:

II. PRONUNCIATION: Pure vowels /i/ /i://e//æ/ /ɔ/ /ɔ:/ // /ɑ:/ /ʊ/ /u:/ /ә/ /з:/

III. GRAMMAR: 1. The Tenses (review) 2. Articles

IV. PRACTICE TEST:

I. Choose the word marked A, B, C, or D which is stressed differently from the rest.

Question 1. A. hospital   B. mischievous  C. supportive   D. special

Question 2. A. family    B. whenever   C. obedient   D. solution

Question 3. A. biologist   B. generally   C. responsible  D. security

Question 4. A. confident   B. important   C. together   D. exciting

Question 5. A. possible.   B. university   C. secondary   D. suitable

II. Choose the option marked A, B, C, or D that best completes each sentence.

Question 6. Each of us must take___________ for our own actions.

 A. probability  B. ability  C. possibility  D. responsibility

Question 7. These quick and easy___________ can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost.              A. solve                             B. solvable                             C. solutions                             D. solvability

Question 8. John is___________ only child in his family so his parents love him a lot.

 A. a    B. an    C. the    D. no article

Question 9. According to the boss, John is the most________ for the position of executive secretary.

 A. supportive   B. caring   C. suitable   D. comfortable

Question 10. She got up late and rushed to the bus stop.

 A. came into   B. went leisurely  C. went quickly  D. dropped by

Question 11. Billy, come and give me a hand with cooking.

 A. help   B. prepared   C. be busy   D. attempt

Question 12. Whenever problems come up, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly.

 A. happen   B. encounter   C. arrive   D. clean

Question 13. - Lam: What are the___________ of that country?

                         - Lan: I think it is some kinds of cheese and sauces.

 A. drinks   B. beverages   C. grains   D. special dishes

Question 14. Peter tried his best and passed the driving test at the first___________.

 A. try    B. attempt   C. doing   D. aim

Question 15. - An: Where is Jimmy?

                         - Anh: He is___________ work. He is busy___________ his monthly report.

 A. on/ for   B. in/ about   C. to/ through  D. at/ with

Question 16. With greatly increased workloads, everyone is___________ pressure now.

 A. under   B. above   C. upon   D. out of

Question 17. We are not allowed___________ jeans at school.

 A. wear   B. to wear   C. wearing   D. worn

Question 18. Sometimes I do not feel like___________ to my sibling about my troubles.

 A. talk    B. to talk  C. talking   D. talked

Question 19. The worker was___________ his boss expected, so he was offered a raise.

 A. more hard-working    B. as hard-working than

 C. more hard-working than    D. more hard-working as

Question 20. John___________ a respectful and obedient student.

 A. said to be   B. is said   C. is said being  D. is said to be

Question 21. I love ___________ films but I seldom find time to go the cinema.

 A. see    B. saw    C. seen   D. seeing

Question 22. In the last hundred years, traveling___________ much easier and more comfortable.

 A. becomes   B. has become  C. became   D. will become

Question 23. In the 19th century, it_________ two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon.

A. took   B. had taken   C. had taken   D. was taking

Question 24. In the past the trip___________ very rough and often dangerous, but things___________ a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years.

 A. was/ have changed    B. is/ change

 C. had been/ will change    D. has been/ changed

Question 25. Now you___________ from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.

 A. are flying   B. would fly   C. will fly   D. can fly

Question 26. When Carol___________ last night, I___________ my favorite show on television.

 A. was calling/ watched    B. called/ have watched

 C. called/ was watching    D. had called/ watched

Question 27. By this time next summer, you___________ your studies.

 A. completes   B. will complete  C. are completing  D. will have completed

Question 28. Right now, Jim___________ the newspaper and Kathy___________ dinner.

 A. reads/ has cooked    B. is reading/ is cooking

 C. has read/ was cooking    D. read/ will be cooking

Question 29. Last night at this time, they________ the same thing. She_________ and he_________ the Newspaper.

 A. are doing/ is cooking / is reading  B. were doing/ was cooking/ was reading

 C. was doing/ has cooked / is reading  D. had done/ was cooking/read

Question 30. When I__________ home last night, I__________ that Jane___________ a beautiful candlelight dinner. A. had arrived/ discovered/ prepared 

B. was arriving/ had discovered/ was preparing

 C. have arrived/ was discovering/ had prepared

 D. arrived/ discovered/ was preparing

III. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer marked A, B, C, or D provided.

Jean spent her first few years in Hooper and her family moved to Otsego early in her life. She was only ten when her father died unexpectedly, leaving her mother to raise and support their family alone. Her mother soon went to work outside the home to provide for the family, and Jean, being one of the oldest, had to help care for her younger siblings. Although she had much responsibility at home, Jean thoroughly enjoyed school and was an excellent student. She went on to graduate 10th in her class at Otsego High School in 1953.

While still in high school, Jean met a young man named Charles "Chuck" Holly, at a dance in Alamo; and they were quite taken with each other. Over the next few years, their love for each other blossomed and they were married on February 24, 1953, while Jean was still in school. At the time, Chuck was serving his country in the military, and had come home on leave to marry his sweetheart. Unfortunately, shortly thereafter, he was sent overseas to serve in Korea for the next fifteen months.

Upon his discharge, the couple settled into married life together in the Plainwell, Otsego area. To help make ends meet, Jean went to work at the collection bureau in Kalamazoo for a while, before taking a job at the cheese company in Otsego. In 1964, Chuck and Jean were overjoyed with the birth of their son, Chuck, who brought great joy into their lives. Jean remembered how her

mother was always gone so much working after her father died and she did not want that for her son, so she left her job to devote herself to the role of a mother.

Question 31. After Jean's father passed away, her mother used to___________.

 A. work outside the home     B. be a housewife

 C. support the family alone     D. work as a secretary

Question 32. Which is not referred to Jean?

 A. She was a responsible girl.  B. She never helped her mother with household chores.

 C. She often did well at school.      D. She went to high school.

Question 33. Jean's husband was a___________.

 A. teacher    B. dancer   C. soldier   D. servant

Question 34. Jean___________.

 A. served in the military     B. lived in Korea for fifteen months

 C. had a daughter      D. got married when she was a student

Question 35. Which is not TRUE about Jean?

 A. She disliked staying at home and taking care of her child.

 B. She worked outside the home before she had a child.

 C. She was very happy when she got a baby.

 D. She quit her job to look after her baby.

IV. Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D provided.

On December 10, 2006, I was going through some hard time. The landlady did not want to release the house any more so I had to (36)_________ and only had one month to find a place. Because Christmas was coming and it was difficult for me to (37)__________ a suitable accommodation. I had only some money (38)_________. I could not buy a Christmas tree and some presents for my three boys, (39)___________ I had to use the money to find a place to live. Tome, it broke my heart as I could not prepare the Christmas for my three boys. I have been their only parent since my husband (40)___________ away two years ago. I was so sad and everything was getting on my nerves. Although I managed to solve the problem myself I could not help (41)___________ my sons about the things. When I suddenly woke up at midnight, I found my eldest son was sitting (42)___________ me. He kissed me and said, "Don't worry, Mum. We love you very much and always stand by you (43)___________ happens." At the moment I started weeping, grabbed him and kissed him. His words and love made me (44)___________ all about what I was stressing about.

In fact ever since that moment, I have realized that I can overcome any problems thanks to my sons' love. The most important thing of my life is that my boys are safe and healthy, and they bring me joy all the time. The memory (45)___________ me that nothing really matters, when I have the love of my children.

Question 36. A. transfer   B. convert   C. move   D. change

Question 37. A. notice   B. watch   C. find    D. see

Question 38. A. leave   B. to leave   C. leaving   D. left

Question 39. A. because   B. although   C. as though   D. if

Question 40. A. passes   B. passed   C. has passed   D. was passing

Question 41. A. tell    B. to tell   C. told    D. telling

Question 42. A. by    B. next   C. over   D. up

Question 43. A. whenever   B. whatever   C. whoever   D. however

Question 44. A. forget   B. to forget   C. forgot   D. forgetting

Question 45. A. remembers   B. minds   C. reminds   D. misses

V. Mark the option marked A, B, C, or D to show the underlined part that needs correction.

Question 46. The wave lengths of ultraviolet light are short than those of visible light but longer than those of X-rays.

 A. lengths    B. short   C. those   D. but

Question 47. All thoroughbred are descended from three Arabian stallion imported into England between 1689 and 1724.

 A. All    B. from  C. stallion  D. into

Question 48. By measuring the rate of decay of potassium isotopes in volcanic ash, scientists can date the layers of volcanic ash and any human remain in they.

 A. measuring   B. can date  C. remain  D. they

Question 49. Hundreds of parts to complete fossil skeletons of Triceratops have been gather in North America from rocks of the late Cretaceous period.

 A. Hundreds of  B. to complete C. gather  D. rocks

Question 50.  By the time of the dinosaurs, turtles have already developed the hard shell into which their heads and legs could be drawn.

 A. time    B. have  C. into which  D. drawn

__________THE END__________

TOPIC 2. URBANIZATION

I. VOCABULARY:

II. PRONUNCIATION: The diphthongs: /ei/ /ai/ /ɔi/ /jʊ/ /aʊ/ /әʊ/ /iә/ /eә/ /ʊә/

III. GRAMMAR: 1. The Subjunctive Cases (bare infinitives) (review) 

2. That Clauses (review)

IV. PRACTICE TEST:

I. Choose the word marked A, B, C, or D whose main stress syllable is put differently.

Question 1. A. maintain   B. attitude   C. determine   D. develop

Question 2. A. brilliant   B. different   C. secretary   D. attractive

II. Choose the word marked A, B, C, or D whose underlined part is pronounced differently.

Question 3. A. bride    B. fridge   C. bridge  D. driven

Question 4. A. borrow   B. neighbor   C. stapler  D. harbor 

Question 5. A. booked   B. pushed   C. caused  D. matched

III. Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best completes each sentence.

Question 6. __________, women are responsible for the chores in the house and taking care of the children.                A. With tradition B. On tradition              C. Traditional               D. Traditionally

Question 7. All of the students are___________ to pass the entrance examination in order to attend the university. A. obsessed               B. obliged                             C. obtained                             D. observed

Question 8. It is important to have someone that you can___________ in.

 A. talk    B. speak   C. confide   D. know

Question 9. Most adjectives can be used to___________ a noun.

 A. precede   B. advance   C. occur   D. stand

Question 10. Which of the following sentences has the correct word order?

 A. She walks usually past my house in the morning.

 B. She in the morning walks usually past my house.

 C. She usually walks past my house in the morning.

 D. She walks usually in the morning past my house.

Question 11. I'm very tired now because___________ more than 800 kilometers today.

 A. I'm driving   B. I've driven  C. I drive   D. I've been driving

Question 12. When she returned home from work, she___________ a bath.

 A. takes   B. took   C. has taken   D. was taking

Question 13. Your car is quite old. It's the same as___________.

 A. us    B. our    C. ours   D. we're

Question 14. My father didn't go to college; ___________ did my mother.

 A. none   B. either   C. so    D. neither

Question 15. Our English teacher would like___________.

 A. that we practicing our pronunciation B. us practicing our pronunciation

 C. us to practice our pronunciation  D. we to practice our pronunciation

Question 16. Our relatives___________ meet us at the station this evening.

 A. are being   B. are going to C. go to   D. will be to

Question 17. He___________ for that company for five months when it went bankrupt.

 A. has been worked  B. has worked C. had been working  D. was working

Question 18. At this time next week, all of the students___________ for their examinations.

 A. will be sat   B. have been sitting C. have sat   D. will be sitting

Question 19. Rachel is good at badminton. She___________ every game.

 A. wins   B. winning  C. have won   D. is able win

Question 20. - Carol: "Let's have a pizza."   - Cook: "___________ "

 A. Not again   B. It doesn't matter C. It’s a good idea  D. Not really

Question 21. I didn't need___________ anything. I just sat there and listened.

 A. say    B. saying   C. to say   D. having said

Question 22. She prefers carnations___________ roses. In fact, she dislikes roses.

 A. to    B. from   C. over   D. than

Question 23. My mother made a birthday cake___________.

 A. about me   B. for me   C. to me   D. to I

Question 24. He can't go out because he___________ his work.

 A. doesn't finish  B. hasn't finished C. didn't finish  D. hadn't finished

Question 25. Our neighbors are normally very noisy, but they're___________ this evening.

 A. unusual quiet  B. unusual quietly C. unusually quiet  D. unusually quietly

Question 26. I saw him hiding something in a __________bag.

 A. plastic small black B. small plastic black C. black small plastic D. small black plastic

Question 27. If Tan Son Nhat Airport___________ clear of fog we'll land there.

 A. is    B. was    C. will be   D. could be

Question 28. Did he tell you___________?

 A. where could we meet him  B. we would be able to meet him where

 C. where would be able to meet him D. where we would meet him

Question 29. If she had known how awful this job was going to be, she___________ it.

 A. would accept B. wouldn't accept C. wouldn't have accepted  D. would have accepted

Question 30. I'll see you___________.

 A. at the moment  B. in an hour  C. last night   D. usually

Question 31. You___________ write to her for she'll be here tomorrow.

 A. don't   B. mustn't   C. needn't   D. haven't

Question 32. You___________ to spend more time in the library.

 A. must   B. should   C. had better   D. ought

Question 33. Carol is excited___________ her new job.

 A. for starting  B. to starting  C. about starting  D. for start

Question 34. ___________ if they had feathers instead of hair?

 A. Can people possibly fly    B. Could people be able to fly

 C. Will people possibly fly    D. Would people be able to fly

Question 35. The jeans are too long; you should have them___________.

 A. shorten   B. to shorten  C. shortened   D. being shortened

IV. Choose the underlined part marked A, B, C, or D in each sentence that should be corrected.

Question 36. Caroline refused taking the job given to her because the salary was not good.

A. talking  B. because  C. was                        D. given

Question 37. I finished college last year, and I am working here for only eight months now.

A. only              B. am working  C, now                D. only

Question 38. If you think carefully before making your decision, you will avoid to get into trouble later.              A. making                            B. to get                            C. later                                                  D. carefully

Question 39. Each of the members of the group were made to write a report every week.

A. to write   B. were   C. week   D. members

Question 40. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one.    A. got                            B. new one                             C. is looking                              D. told

V. Choose the option marked A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

My aunt is one of those people who can talk to anyone about anything. If she goes to a party where she doesn't know any of the people, she just walks up to the first person that she sees and introduces herself. And yet she doesn't seem to talk about deeply important things like politics or religion. She always starts off on something very obvious like the other person's job. Very soon she's talking as if she's known the other person for years. I asked her once what her secret was. She said that the most important thing in a conversation was listening. People love to talk about themselves, so if you allow them to do so, it's very easy to keep a conversation going. You have to listen very carefully and ask questions. And you have to look interested, too. So don't keep looking at other things in the room while you're talking to someone.

Another thing that I've noticed is that she only pays people compliments. She says: “I like your hair. Which hairdresser do you go to?” or “You look very well. Have you been on holiday?” Friendly messages like this seem to provide an easy way into a conversation.

Question 41. According to my aunt, the most important thing in a conversation was__________.

 A. speaking   B. discussing  C. looking    D. listening

Question 42. At parties where she does not know anybody, my aunt normally__________.

 A. feels embarrassed and stays away from people

 B. asks people to introduces themselves to her

 C. comes over to the first person and introduces herself

 D. sits alone and avoids talking to other people

Question 43. My aunt thinks that it's very easy to keep a conversation going if you__________.

 A. let people talk about themselves    B. let people hear about yourself

 C. talk about politics or religion   D. ask people about their secrets

Question 44. What should you NOT do when you have a conversation with someone?

 A. Looking very interested in his or her story      B. Looking at other things in the room

 C. Listening very carefully and asking questions  D. Paying him or her compliments

Question 45. According to the passage, my aunt often starts a conversation by talking about ________. A. the other person's wealth                                          B. the other person's health

 C. the other person's daily activities  D. the other person's job

VI. Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best fits each space in the following text.

In Germany, it's important to be serious in a work situation. They don't mix work and play so you shouldn't make jokes (46)________ you do in the UK and USA when you first meet people. They

work in a very organized way and prefer to do one thing at a time. They don't like· interruptions or (47)_________ changes of schedule. Punctuality is very important so you should arrive on time for appointments. At meeting, it's important to follow the agenda and not interrupt (48)_________ speaker. If you give a presentation, you should focus (49)__________ facts and technical information and the quality of your company's products. You should also prepare well, as they may ask a lot of questions. Colleagues normally use the family names, and title - for example 'Doctor' or 'Professor', so you shouldn't use first names (50)_______ a person asks you to.

Question 46. A. while   B. as if   C. such as  D. as

Question 47. A. sudden  B. suddenly  C. abruptly  D. promptly

Question 48. A. other   B. others  C. another  D. the other

Question 49. A. on   B. to   C. at   D. in

Question 50. A. if only  B. as   C. unless  D. since

_____________THE END______________

TOPIC 3. THE GREEN MOVEMENT

I. VOCABULARY:

II. PRONUNCIATION: The voiceless consonants of /p/ /f/ // /t/ /s/ /ʃ/ /t∫/ /k/ /h/

III. GRAMMAR: 1. Simple and Complex sentences  

2. Relative Clauses of which (refer to the whole sentence)

IV. PRACTICE TEST:

I. Choose the word marked A, B, C, or D which is stressed differently from the rest.

Question 1. A. attract   B. person   C. signal   D. instance

Question 2. A. verbal   B. suppose   C. even   D. either

Question 3. A. example   B. consider   C. several   D. attention

Question 4. A. situation  B. appropriate  C. informality  D. entertainment

Question 5. A. across   B. simply   C. common   D. brother

II. Choose the option marked A, B, C, or D that best completes each unfinished sentence.

Question 6. She is a kind of woman who does not care much of work but generally___________ meals, movies or late nights at a club with her colleagues.

 A. supposes   B. discusses  C. attends  D. socializes

Question 7. I didn't think his comments were very appropriate at the time.

 A. correct   B. right   C. suitable  D. exact

Question 8. You should___________ more attention to what your teacher explains.

 A. make   B. get    C. set    D. pay

Question 9. Body language is a potent form of___________ communication.

 A. verbal   B. non-verbal   C. tongue   D. oral

Question 10. Our teacher often said, "Who knows the answer? ___________ your hand."

 A. Rise   B. Lift    C. Raise   D. Heighten

Question 11. This is the instance where big, obvious non-verbal signals are appropriate.

 A. matter  B. attention   C. place   D. situation.

Question 12. They started, as___________ gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last few years.

 A. informal   B. informally   C. informalize  D. informality

Question 13. Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and___________.

 A. communicate  B. communication  C. communicative  D. communicator

Question 14. The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always__________ in response to questions.               A. attention               B. attentively                            C. attentive                            D. attentiveness

Question 15. Pay more attention___________ picture and you can find out who is the robber.

 A. to    B. for    C. at    D. on

Question 16. She looked___________ me, smiling happily and confidently.

 A. on    B. over   C. forward to  D. at

Question 17. - Timmy: “What an attractive hair style you have got, Mary!“  - Tommy: “___________ “

 A. Thank you very much. I am afraid  B. You are telling a lie

 C. Thank you for your compliment   D. I don't like your sayings

Question 18. In___________ most social situations, ___________ informality is appreciated.

 A. Ø/ Ø   B. the/ an   C. a/ the   D. the/ a

Question 19.  – Thin: “What_______ beautiful dress you are wearing!”

– Thu: “Thank you. That is _______ nice compliment.”

 A. Ø/ Ø  B. the/ Ø   C. a/ a   D. the/ the

Question 20. ___________ you wanted to ask your teacher a question during his lecture, what would you do? A. As                                           B. As if                             C. Even of                             D. suppose

Question 21. John asked me___________ in English.

 A. what does this word mean   B. what that word means

 C. what did this word mean    D. what that word meant

Question 22. The mother told her son___________ so impolitely.

 A. not behave   B. not to behave  C. not behaving  D. did not behave

Question 23. She said she___________ collect it for me after work.

 A. would   B. did    C. must   D. had

Question 24. She said I___________ an angel.

 A. am    B. was    C. were   D. have been

Question 25. I have ever told you he___________ unreliable.

 A. is    B. were   C. had been   D. would be

Question 26. I told him________ the word to Jane somehow that I________ to reach her during the early hours.  A. passing/ will try                                           B. he will pass/ tried

 C. to pass/ would be trying    D. he passed/ have tried

Question 27. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since___________.

 A. yesterday   B. two days ago  C. the day before  D. the next day

Question 28. John asked me___________ interested in any kind of sports.

 A. if I were   B. if were I   C. if was I   D. if I was

Question 29. I___________ you everything I am doing, and you have to do the same.

 A. will tell   B. would tell   C. told    D. was telling

Question 30. John asked me___________ that film the night before.

 A. that I saw   B. had I seen   C. if I had seen  D. if had I seen

III. Choose the option marked A, B, C, or D that needs correcting.

Question 31. According to Mehrabian in1971, only 7% of the information we communicate to others depends upon the words we saying; 93% of that depends on non-verbal communication.

A. According to B. only 7%  C. we saying  D. to others

Question 32. Body language is quiet and secret, but most powerful language of all.

 A. most   B. and secret  C. Body language D. of all

Question 33. Our bodies send out messages constantly and sometimes we do not recognize that we are using many nonverbal language.

 A. would    B. did    C. must   D. had

Question 34. Our understanding and use of non-verbal cues in facial expressions and gestures are familiar to us nearly in birth.

 A. Our understanding  B. in facial expressions C. in   D. are familiar

Question 35. A person's body postures, movements but positions more often tell us exactly what they mean.

 A. A person's   B. exactly  C. what  D. but

IV. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer marked A, B, C, or D.

BODY LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

 The body language people use often communicates more about their feelings than the words they are saying. We use body movements, hand gestures, facial expressions, and changes in our voice to communicate with each other. Although some body language is universal, many gestures are culturally specific and may mean different things in different countries.

 If you want to give someone the nod in Bulgaria, you have to nod your head to say no and shake it to say yes – the exact opposite of what we do! In Belgium, pointing with your index finger or snapping your fingers at someone is very rude.

 In France, you shouldn’t rest your feet on tables or chairs. Speaking to someone with your hands in your pockets will only make matters worse. In the Middle East, you should never show the soles of your feet or shoes to others as it will be seen as a grave insult. When eating, only use your right hand because they use their left hands when going to the bathroom.

 In Bangladesh, the ‘thumbs-up’ is a rude sign. In Myanmar, people greet each other by clapping, and in India, whistling in public is considered rude.

 In Japan, you should not blow your nose in public, but you can burp at the end of a meal to show that you have enjoyed it. The ‘OK’ sign (thumb and index finger forming a circle) means ‘everything is good’ in the West, but in China it means nothing or zero. In Japan, it means money, and in the Middle East, it is a rude gesture.

Question 36. It is mentioned in the passage that many gestures___________.

A. may mean different things in different countries

B. are not used to communicate our feelings  C. can be used to greet each other in public

D. are used in greeting among men and women

Question 37. People nod their head to say no in___________.

 A. Belgium  B. Bulgaria  C. France  D. Japan

Question 38. In the Middle East, people do not use their left hands for eating because they use their left hands___________.

 A. when going to the bathroom  B. when preparing the meal

 C. to put in their pockets   D. to clean their tables and chairs

Question 39. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

 A. In France, people shouldn’t rest their feet on tables.

 B. In Belgium, snapping your fingers at someone is very rude.

 C. In China, the ‘OK’ sign means money

 D. In Myanmar, people greet each other by clapping

Question 40. The word “others” in paragraph 3 refers to___________.

 A. other people B. other shoes C. other soles  D. other feet

V. Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D.

Researchers in communication show that more feelings and intentions are (41)___________ and received nonverbally than verbally. Mehrabian and Wiener following have stated that only 7% (42)___________ message is sent through words, with remaining 93% sent nonverbal (43)___________. Humans use nonverbal communication because:

Words have limitations: There are (44)___________ areas where nonverbal communication is more (45)___________ than verbal, especially when we explain the shape, directions, personalities which are expressed nonverbally.

Nonverbal signal are powerful: Nonverbal cues primarily express inner (46)___________ while verbal messages deal basically with outside world.

Nonverbal message are likely (47)___________ more genuine: because nonverbal behaviors cannot be controlled as easily as spoken words.

Nonverbal signals can express feelings inappropriate to state: Social etiquette limits (48)___________ can be said, but nonverbal cues can communicate thoughts.

A separate communication channel is necessary to (49)___________ send complex messages: A speaker can add enormously to the complexity of the verbal message through simple nonverbal (50)___________.

Question 41. A. sent    B. posted   C. mailed   D. thrown

Question 42. A. through   B. in    C. of    D. for

Question 43. A. thought   B. expressions  C. gestures   D. postures

Question 44. A. sum    B. great deal   C. amount   D. numerous

Question 45. A. effect   B. effective   C. effectively   D. effectiveness

Question 46. A. feelings   B. words   C. shows   D. sorrows

Question 47. A. be    B. being   C. to be   D. been

Question 48. A. what   B. that    C. why   D. when

Question 49. A. get    B. have   C. make   D. help

Question 50. A. signs   B. signals   C. sight   D. signatures

___________THE END__________

TOPIC 4. THE MASS MEDIA

I. VOCABULARY:

II. PRONUNCIATION: The voiced consonants of /b/ /v/ // /d/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /g/

/l/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /r/ /w/ /j/

III. GRAMMAR: 1. The Verbs – Prepositions (review) 

2. The Sequences of Tenses (review)

IV. PRACTICE TEST:

I. Choose the word marked A, B, C, or D whose main stress syllable is put differently.

Question 1. A. remain   B. seaman   C. contain  D. retain

Question 2. A. control  B. patrol  C. idol   D. extol

II. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest.

Question 3. A. parallel   B. label   C. vessel   D. chapel

Question 4. A. typist    B. typical   C. typing   D. stylish

Question 5. A. vein    B. reign  C. foreign   D. main

III. Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.

Question 6. With black hair and eyes, she is___________ of the people from her country.

 A. the same   B. typical   C. similar   D. identical

Question 7. Military is___________ in this country. Every man who reaches the age of 18 has to serve in the army for two years.

 A. compulsory  B. optional   C. illegal   D. unnecessary

Question 8. People tend to work hard at this___________ of life.

 A. distance   B. stage   C. space   D. level

Question 9. Concern for the environment is now at the___________ of many governments' policies.

 A. core   B. aim    C. target   D. purpose

Question 10. Why don't you have the document___________?

 A. photocopy   B. to photocopy  C. photocopying  D. photocopied

Question 11. The strange disease___________ to have originated in Africa.

 A. thinks   B. is thinking   C. is thought   D. thought

Question 12. You can use my phone if yours _________.

 A. won't be worked  B. won't work  C. isn't worked  D. doesn't work

Question 13. We were rather late, but fortunately there were some tickets_________.

 A. to leave   B. left    C. leaving   D. having left

Question 14. It's a beautiful photo. I'm going to_________.

 A. get it enlarging  B. have it enlarging  C. have it enlarged  D. set it enlarged

Question 15. _________these plants regularly or they will die.

 A. Water   B. If you water  C. Unless you water  D. Because you water

Question 16. I took off my shoes before entering the room___________.

 A. in order to not dirty the floor   B. so that I not dirty the floor

 C. in order not dirtying the floor   D. so as not to dirty the floor

Question 17. What___________ if you saw a pickpocket steal money from someone in the street?

 A. do you do   B. did you do   C. will you do   D. would you do

Question 18. The living conditions of the population___________ in the past years.

 A. has been improved B. have been improved C. improved  D. were improved

Question 19. His father used the money he won to set___________ his own company.

 A. on    B. about   C. up    D. forward

Question 20. Although I was very tired, ___________.

 A. but I helped to clear up the mess after the party

 B. I helped to clear up the mess after the party

 C. and I tried to clear up the mess after the party

 D. I didn't help to clear up the mess after the party

Question 21. We hope to have the law___________ by December.

 A. pass   B. to pass   C. passing   D. passed

Question 22. - Anna: "How does the washing machine work?" - Anne: " ___________________ "

 A. Not often   B. Like this   C. Too much   D. A little

Question 23. I___________ like that dress. It's really nice.

 A. do    B. very   C. am    D. have

Question 24. We couldn't find___________ could take over his job.

 A. anyone   B. whom   C. someone   D. anyone who

Question 25. Everything___________ turned out to be imaginary.

 A. she said it   B. she said   C. which she said it  D. that said

Question 26. I keep sneezing because I got wet___________ the way home yesterday.