Unit
1
LOCAL ENVIRONMENT
A THEORY: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
(PRONUNCIATION
Cácnguyêntắccơbảncủaviệcnhấntrọngâmtrongcâunhưsau:
- Từthuộcvềmặtnộidung (content word): đượcnhấntrọngâm
- Từthuộcvềmặtcấutrúc(empty word): khôngđượcnhấntrọngâm
(GRAMMAR
Địnhnghĩacâuphức
Câuphức(complex sentence) làcâucómộtmệnhđềđộclập(independent clause) vàmộthoặcnhiềuhơnmộtmệnhđềphụthuộc(dependent clause)
Vídụ:
She had to walk a long street before she could get to her favourite shop.
Mệnhđềđộclậplà(independent clause): She had to walk a long street
Mệnhđềphụthuộclà(dependent clause): before she could get to her favourite shop.
Mộtsốdạngcâuphứcthôngdụng:
Câuphứccóchứamệnhđềtrạngngữ/ phótừ(adverbial clause).
- Mệnhđềtrạngngữchỉsựtươngphảnbắtđầubởiliêntừalthough, though,hoặceven though. Mệnhđềnàythểhiệnnhữngkếtquảkhôngmongmuốn.
Vídụ:
Although she was tired, she finished knitting the scarf for her dad.
Mặcdùmệtnhưngcôâyvẫnhoànthànhviệcđankhănchobốmình.
- Mệnhđềtrạngngữchỉmụcđíchbắtđầubằngliềntừso thathoặcin order that. Mệnhđềnàythểhiệnmụcđíchcủahànhđộngtrongmệnhđềđộclập.
Vídụ:
The artisan moulded the clay so that he could make a mask.
Ngườithợthủcôngnặnđấtsétđểcóthểtạoramộtcáimặtnạ.
- Mệnhđềtrạngngữđểchỉranguyênnhâncủavấnđềbắtđầubởiliêntừbecause; since hoặcas. Mệnhđềnàytrảlờichocâuhỏi “Tạisao”.
Vídụ:
Because/Sincethe water is polluted, the fish are dead.
Cáchếtvìnướcbị ô nhiễm.
Câuphứccóchứadạngmệnhđềquanhệ(relative clause) (xemthêmphần: mệnhđềquanhệ)
B PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Listen and complete with the words you hear. Then repeat the sentences exactly. (Track 01)
1. .................... is a .................... .................... in the ....................
2. .................... and her .................... often .................... to the .................... on ....................
3. We can .................... .................... of .................... from the
4. The .................... .................... are .................... .................... in their ....................
5. I .................... my .................... .................... it’s very .................... and ....................
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences using the given words/ phrases.
1. The traditional .................... village attracts millions of foreign tourists each year.
2. People use buffalo skin to make the ....................
3. His parents want him to take over their family’s .................... which was set up by his grandparents.
4. I need to buy a new .................... for the picture. Do you know any shops near here?
5. We are looking for a manager with good .................... and leadership skills.
6. It takes great skill to .................... a statue in gold.
7. She can .................... more than fifty bamboo baskets a day.
8. The .................... piece of pottery must be worth a million dollars.
9. They .................... the scarves with flowers to make them more colorful.
10. It’s hard to find a marble with such a smooth and shiny ....................
11. .................... handicraft products from different countries are displayed for sale at the fair.
12. That picture always .................... me of my hometown.
13. The problem of air pollution cannot be .................... until they work together.
14. This basket is extremely .................... - You can use it for lots of different purposes.
15. I’m not allowed to tell you about the plan at this ....................
Exercise 3: Choose the best answer.
1. He works as a/ an .................... in his uncle’s workshop.
A. attraction B. artisan C. embroider
2. Vietnamese .................... is now available to purchase online.
A. lacquer B. lacquers C. lacquerware
3. Those handicrafts may face the challenges of losing their ....................
A. authenticity B. sculpture C. craft
4. How many .................... of leaves does a Hue’s conical hat have?
A. surface B. layers C. frames
5. I know some interesting tourist .................... in the city that you would love to visit.
A. sculptures B. attractions C. handicrafts
6. The car has been .................... in clay.
A. moulded B. woven C. embroidered
7. The scarf embroidered with gold .................... is the most expensive one in our shop.
A. frame B. layer C. thread
8. Burglars broke into the museum and stole dozens of valuable marble ....................
A. crafts B. sculptures C. workshops
9. Local people often sell .................... like bracelets, scarves and hats to tourists.
A. lacquerware B. artisans C. handicrafts
10. They need to find a solution to .................... the local environment.
A. preserve B. cast C. weave
11. The company is going to close .................... one of its stores due to reduced sales.
A. on B. to C. down
nguon VI OLET
